静电纺丝参数对纳米纤维纱线力学性能的影响  

Effect of electrospinning parameters on mechanical properties of nanofiber yarns

作　　者：严涛海[1,2] 时雅菁 程佳茹 YAN Taohai;SHI Yajing;CHENG Jiaru(Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Textile Fibers and Materials,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350121,China;Clothing and Design Faculty,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350121,China)

机构地区：[1]闽江学院福建省新型功能性纺织纤维及材料重点实验室,福建福州350121 [2]闽江学院服装与艺术工程学院,福建福州350121

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期21-27,共7页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：福建省新型功能性纺织纤维及材料重点实验室开放资助项目(FKLTFM1816);福州市科技成果转移转化资助项目(2020-GX-03)。

摘　　要：自制静电纺丝纳米纤维机械加捻成纱装置,对其电场进行模拟分析表明,单针头电场强度矢量几乎都指向接收圆盘和圆环,符合试验现象。在制备静电纺丝纳米纤维纱线时,分析各参数对纳米纤维纱线形态及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着圆环至圆盘距离的增大,纳米纤维纱线的平均捻回角呈逐渐变小的趋势,其直径呈增大趋势,纳米纤维纱线的断裂强度及断裂伸长逐渐增大;随着针尖与圆盘中心距离的增大,捻回角有微弱增大的趋势,而纳米纤维平均直径有减小的趋势,纱线的断裂强度先增加后减小,断裂伸长率一直呈现增长趋势;随着圆盘转速的增大,纳米纤维纱线的平均捻回角没有明显的规律,纳米纤维平均直径有下降的趋势,纳米纤维纱线的断裂强度和断裂伸长率都呈逐渐增大的趋势。研究结果对纳米纤维纱线的制备以及纳米纤维在传统纺织品上的应用具有一定的意义。The electric field of the self-made electrospinning nanofiber yarn machine was simulated and analyzed,and the results showed that the single-needle electric field strength vector was almost all directed to the receiving disk and the ring,which was consistent with the experimental phenomenon.With the preparation of electrospinning nanofiber yarns,the effects of various parameters on the morphology and mechanical properties of nanofiber yarn were analysed.The results show that the average twist angle of nanofiber yarns tends to decrease with the distance of ring-to-disk increasing,while the diameters of nanofiber yarns have an increasing trend,and the breaking strength and elongation at break of nanofiber yarns are gradually increasing.With the distance between the tip and the center of the disk increasing,the twist angle tends to rise slightly.The average diameter of nanofibers has a tendency to decrease,and the breaking strength of yarns increases first and then decreases,and the elongation at break always shows an increasing trend.With the increasing of the disk rotation speed,there is no obvious regularity on the average twist angle of the nanofiber yarn,while the average diameter of nanofibers have a tendency to decrease,and the breaking strength and elongation at break of nanofiber yarns increase gradually.The research result is of significance to the preparation of nanofiber yarns and the application of nanofiber in the traditional textiles.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 纳米纤维 纱线 电场模拟 力学性能 

分 类 号：TS106.4[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程] TS134.7[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]