国际老年人体育研究的演进特征及启示  

Evolutionary Characteristics and Implications of International Physical Activity for Elderly Research

作　　者：湛冰[1] 袁彩萍 杨甜甜 张松[2] ZHAN Bing;YUAN Cai-ping;YANG Tian-tian;ZHANG Song(School of Management and Communication,Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China;School of Postgraduate,Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院管理与传播学院,北京100191 [2]首都体育学院研究生部,北京100191

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2021年第2期128-144,共17页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“全球视域下老年人体育促进健康发展模式研究”(项目编号:17BTY089);北京市社会科学基金一般项目“京津冀地区老年人体育协同政策研究”(项目编号:20YTB018);国家重点研发计划子课题“全民健身多层次综合服务评价研究”(项目编号:2020YFC2006205)。

摘　　要：运用知识图谱分析法、文献资料法,对国际老年人体育研究的时空分布、学科分布、关键词热点、主题演变和知识基础进行分析,对把握国际老年人体育研究的特征和推动我国老年人体育研究的进展有重要价值。研究表明,近30年国际老年人体育研究经历了全球认可期(1991—2000年)、全面推进期(2001—2010年)、可持续发展期(2011—2020年)3个发展阶段。美、英、加、澳国的发文量、研究机构均在国际老年人体育研究中占据主要优势;高校是老年人体育研究的主阵地,以老年医学、老年学、体育学、公共卫生学、膳食营养学5大学科为主要学科基础。老年人体育研究的主题演变呈现"实验"向"实践"、"广度"向"深度"的变化。老年人体育研究的知识基础集中在老年人身体功能监测研究;老年人体育活动推进的发展研究;老年人体育参与的影响因素研究;老年人体育的元分析趋势;老年人体育干预认知障碍的研究趋势5大研究热点。同时提出我国老年人体育研究的建议:加强老年人体育测量的科学性;加快亚洲地区的协作交流、互通互助,贡献"中国方案";从流行病学和社会学视角,发挥体育促进健康的功能,加快基层社区老年人体育的赋权和协力,让体育融入习惯、融入生活,推动并引领全球老年人体育的可持续发展等。By using the methods of knowledge map analysis and documentaion,this paper analyzes the space-time distribution,discipline distribution,keywords hotspot,theme evolution and knowledge base of international Physical Activity for Elderly research(PAFER),which is of great value to grasp the characteristics of international PAFER and promote the progress of China’s PAFER. The research shows that in the past 30 years,the international PAFER has experienced three stages:recognition period(1991-2000),promotion period(2001-2010)and sustainable development period(2011-2020). The number of papers published and research institutions in the United States,Britain,Canada and Australia all occupy the main advantages in the international PAFER;colleges and universities are the main front of PAFER,with five university disciplines of geriatrics,gerontology,physical education,public health and dietary nutrition as the discipline basis of the PAFER. The theme evolution of the elderly sports research presents the change from"experiment"to"practice",and from"breadth"to"depth". The knowledge base of PAFER focuses on the monitoring and research of physical function of the elderly,the development of sports activities of the elderly,the influencing factors of sports participation of the elderly,the meta-analysis trend of sports for the elderly,and the research trend of sports intervention for cognitive impairment of the elderly. At the same time,it puts forward suggestions for the development of PAFER in China:we should strengthen the scientificity of sports measurement for the elderly,speed up the cooperation and exchanges in Asia and contribute to the"China Program". From the perspective of epidemiology and sociology,we should exert the function of sports to promote health,accelerate the empowerment and cooperation of sports for the elderly in grass-roots communities,and let sports be integrated into habits and life,promote and lead the global sustainable development of sports for the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人体育 演进特征 体育活动测量 健康促进 元分析 

分 类 号：G812.48[文化科学—体育学]