中国先秦时期热处理滑石器初探  

A Preliminary Study of Heat-treated Talc Artifacts in the Pre-Qin Period

作　　者：王荣[1] 董俊卿[2] WANG Rong;DONG Jun-qing(Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology,Fudan University,Shanghai,200433;Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai,201800)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学文物与博物馆学系,上海200433 [2]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所科技考古中心,上海201800

出　　处：《东南文化》2021年第1期88-96,共9页Southeast Culture

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学项目“甲骨文中玉器火燎祭祀的实证研究”(18YJCH174)资助。

摘　　要：热处理用于改善材料性能以及获取所需色泽,彰显了古人的智慧与技术。除石器工具的热处理之外,象征性器物的热处理也是旧石器时代末期以来的一项重要人类行为。滑石因硬度较软,很早被中国先民用作装饰品和礼仪器,但很少用作珠饰。青铜时代早期至西周时期,滑石珠饰大量出现,部分经过了热处理。与近东和南亚地区相比,热处理滑石珠饰在器型、功能方面存在相同之处,但中国的使用年代偏晚,制作工艺既存在相同之处,如有块体成形后加热的热处理滑石;也存在不同之处,如有滑石质黏土成形后烧制的"白陶"型滑石,表明中国热处理滑石珠饰来源的多样性和复杂性。Heat treatment is used to improve the performance of materials and obtain the required color and gloss.It represents the wisdom and technology of the ancient people.In addition to that of stone tools,the heat treatment of symbolic artifacts has also been an important human behavior since the end of the Paleolithic era.Talc was used as decorations and ceremonial instruments by Chinese ancestors because of its softness,but it was rarely used as bead ornaments.From the early Bronze Age to the Western Zhou Dynasty,talc beads appeared in large numbers,some of which had undergone heat treatment.With that in the Near East and South Asia,heat-treated talc beads in China have similar shapes and functions,but were used in a later time period.In terms of the production techniques and process,both similarities,as shown by heattreated talc beads,and differences,as shown by the"white pottery"talc fired after the talc-like clay,have been observed,indicating the diversity and complexity of the sources of heat-treated talc beading in China.

关 键 词：先秦时期 滑石 热处理 珠饰 近东 南亚 

分 类 号：K876.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]