新型大跨度单体塑料大棚温光性能分析  

Analysis of temperature and light characteristics of new large span single plastic greenhouse

作　　者：王克磊 朱隆静 苏世闻 李明 陈先知 徐坚 Wang Kelei;Zhu Longjing;Su Shiwen;Li Ming;Chen Xianzhi;Xu Jian(Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wenzhou Controlled-Environment Vegetable Engineering Center,Wenzhou,325000,China;College of Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing,100083,China)

机构地区：[1]温州市农业科学研究院,温州市设施蔬菜工程技术中心,浙江温州325000 [2]中国农业大学理学院,北京市100083

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2021年第2期45-50,57,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS—23);2019年浙江省重点研发计划资助项目(2019C02009)。

摘　　要：为提高塑料大棚土地利用率及提升农业机械在棚内的便利操作,设计一种新型大跨度单体塑料大棚,并对大棚温光环境性能进行分析,为浙南地区新型大棚的研发与推广提供理论参考。以大跨度单体塑料大棚为试验对象,对大棚内外温度和光照环境进行测试和分析。新型单体塑料大棚跨度为9.6 m,脊高4.5 m,棚门采用双轨道三扇推拉门设计有利于农业机械的进出作业。试验期间棚内东侧光照分布优于西侧光照分布,在三种典型天气下棚内透光率分别为露地的60.17%,67.59%,66.61%;试验期间棚外最低温-2.3℃,棚内最低温较棚外提高2.4℃,棚内夜间东侧、中部、西侧平均温度分别较棚外提高14.80%、14.41%及11.58%,棚内温度分布相对均匀。从新型大跨度单体塑料大棚结构与性能分析来看,适当增加大棚跨度可提高机械化作业效率,改善棚内温光分布,具有推广使用的可行性。In order to improve the land use efficiency of plastic greenhouse and the convenient operation of agricultural machinery in the greenhouse,a new type of large-span single plastic greenhouse was designed,and the temperature and light characteristics of the greenhouse was analyzed,providing theoretical reference for the research and development and promotion of the new greenhouse in Southern Zhejiang.The temperature and light environment inside and outside the plastic greenhouse were tested and analyzed with the new large span single plastic greenhouse.The results show that the span of single greenhouse was 9.6 m,ridge height 4.5 m,the design of double track and three sliding doors was beneficial to the entry and exit of agricultural machinery.During the experiment,the light distribution in the east side of the greenhouse is better than that in the west side,and the light transmittance in the greenhouse under three typical weather conditions accounted for 60.17%,67.59%,66.61%.During the experiment,the lowest temperature was-2.3℃outside,which was higher 2.4℃in the greenhouse than that outside the greenhouse.The average temperature in the east,middle and west of the greenhouse at night was higher 14.80%,14.41%and 11.58%than that in the outside.The temperature distribution in the greenhouse was relatively uniform.According to the analysis of the structure and performance of the new large-span single plastic greenhouse,increasing the span of the greenhouse properly can improve the efficiency of mechanized operation,improving the temperature and light distribution in the greenhouse,and has the feasibility of popularization.

关 键 词：单体大棚 跨度 温度 光照 

分 类 号：S625.1[农业科学—园艺学]