论公证债权文书的司法审查——基于公证权与司法权的关系视角  

On Judicial Review of Notarial Documents of Creditor’s Right from the Perspective of the Relationship between Notarization Power and Judicial Power

作　　者：段明 DUAN Ming(School of Law, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第2期26-31,共6页Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences

基　　金：司法部公共法律服务局委托课题“完善债权文书赋强公证与强制执行规则研究”成果。

摘　　要：通过法院的司法审查能够确保公证债权文书执行的实体及程序公正。公证债权文书执行本质上是公证权与司法权共同作用的场域,如何定位两种权力的关系,对公证债权文书司法审查的依据、范围、规则的确定均有重要影响。在司法审查的法理依据方面,公证权的公权性、软弱性及公正性分别决定了公证债权文书需要司法权的约束、保障及监督;在司法审查的范围方面,执行证书不应纳入司法审查范围而基础法律关系应当纳入;在司法审查的规则方面,法院应当遵循被动审查为原则、主动审查为例外,只做必要的程序审查,促进赋强公证发展等三项基本规则。Through the judicial review of the court,we can ensure the entity justice and procedure justice of the execution of the notarized creditor’s rights documents.The execution of notarial documents of creditor’s rights is essentially the field where notarization power and judicial power act together.How to locate the relationship between the two kinds of powers has an important influence on the determination of the basis,scope and rules of the judicial review of notarial documents of creditor’s rights.In terms of the legal basis of judicial review,the public power,weakness and impartiality of the notarization power respectively determine that the notarized creditor’s rights documents need the restriction,protection and supervision of judicial power.With regard to the scope of review,the enforcement certificate should not be included in the scope of judicial review but the basic legal relationship should;As for review rules,the court should follow three basic rules:taking passive review as the principle,and active review as the exception,only conducting necessary procedural review,and promoting the development of mandatory notarization.

关 键 词：公证债权文书 司法审查 公证权 强制执行 

分 类 号：DF86[政治法律—法学]