印染废水驯化的厌氧颗粒污泥微生物的动态变化  

Dynamic Changes of Anaerobic Granular Sludge Microorganisms Acclimated in Printing and Dyeing Wastewater

作　　者：常长越 王宁[1] 党康 李佳凤 王烨锋 刘永红[1] CHANG Zhangyue;WANG Ning;DANG Kang;LI Jiafeng;WANG Yefeng;LIU Yonghong(Xi’an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries,School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,710000;Shaanxi Luhuan Environmental Engineering Co.,Ltd,710002;Xi’an Qinghua Cooperation,North Special Energy Group Co.,Ltd,710025,Xi'an,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,西安市纺织化工助剂重点实验室,710000 [2]陕西陆环环保工程有限公司,710002 [3]北方特种能源集团西安庆华公司,陕西西安710025

出　　处：《水处理技术》2021年第3期16-21,共6页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(22008188);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(19JK0370);柯桥纺织产业创新研究院产学研协同创新项目(19KQZD06);陕西省2020年重点研发计划项目(2020SF-413);陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2019HBGC-34);2020年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010709085)。

摘　　要：针对厌氧系统中功能菌群的多样性及其在代谢过程中的协同作用机制,以升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器内颗粒污泥微生物为研究对象,通过增量为20%阶段式提高实际印染废水进水比例的方法对其进行驯化,监测各阶段颗粒污泥微生物生态结构的变化。结果表明,随着进液印染废水比例的增加,毒性增强,COD去除率由92%降至约70%,比产甲烷活性由印染废水体积分数60%时的最高的0.23 mL/(g·d)降低至0.18 mL/(g·d);细菌菌群数量明显减少;产酸菌活性减弱导致古菌消化底物的缺少,进而导致古菌菌群数量减少以及甲烷产量的下降,是厌氧消化程度不高的主要原因。故如何从微生物角度强化厌氧系统中污染物降解效率是提高水处理效率的主要思路。In order to investigate the diversity of functional bacteria in the anaerobic system and its synergy mechanism in the process of metabolism,the granular sludge microorganisms in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB) reactor, as the research object, was used to treat the actual printing and dyeing wastewater by increment of 20% during domestication. The change of the microbial ecological structure in granular sludge in each stage was monitored. The results showed that, with the increased in the proportion of printing and dyeing wastewater into the liquid, the toxicity was enhanced, and the COD removal rate was reduced from 92% to about 70%, and the specific methanogenic activity was reduced from the highest 0.23 mL/(g·d) when the volume fraction of printing and dyeing wastewater was 60% to 0.18 mL/(g·d). The number of bacterial flora decreased significantly. Low activity of acid-producing bacteria resulted in the lack of digestive substrates for the archaea, which resulted in the decrease of the number of archaea and the less of methane production, which was the main reason for the low degree of anaerobic digestion. Therefore, how to enhance the degradation efficiency of pollutants in the anaerobic system from the perspective of microorganisms is the main idea to improve the efficiency of water treatment.

关 键 词：生物强化 升流式厌氧污泥床 PCR-DGGE 印染废水 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]