木质素在制备缓控释肥中的应用  

Application of Lignin in Preparation of Slow/Controlled-release Fertilizer

作　　者：吴纯纯 徐佳锋 韩伟胜 徐维杰 赵超[1] WU Chunchun;XU Jiafeng;HAN Weisheng;XU Weijie;ZHAO Chao(College of Engineering,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 311300)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学工程学院,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2021年第6期176-182,共7页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省科技厅公益技术应用研究计划项目“氨化木质素制备缓控释氮肥的技术开发与应用”(2017C32068);浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划暨新苗人才计划资助项目“生物质炭包膜缓释肥的制备”(2020R412047)。

摘　　要：木质素是自然界中含量丰富的芳香生物聚合物,也是生物质乙醇、制浆工业等生物质精炼厂的副产品,如何提升木质素的高附加值应用是亟待解决的问题。近年来,出现了大量利用木质素作为缓释肥载体的研究,木质素作缓释肥的载体,既可利用其物理特性吸附、包裹营养元素制备物理阻碍型缓控释肥;又可利用其活性基团与营养元素发生化学反应来制备化学合成型缓控释肥。本文综述了木质素在制备物理阻碍型包膜缓释肥中的应用,同时综述了木质素通过氨氧化反应、曼尼希反应和螯合反应制备化学合成型缓释氮肥、螯合微肥的应用现状。最后,探析了木质素缓释肥的物理缓释和化学缓释(氨氧化反应、曼尼希反应和螯合反应)机理。加强木质素的科学研究及应用开发对促进资源利用、环境保护有着重要的意义。Lignin is an abundant aromatic biopolymer in nature,it is also a by-product of biomass refineries such as biomass ethanol and pulping industry.How to improve the high value-added application of lignin is an urgent problem to be solved.In recent years,there are many studies on lignin-based slow/controlled-release fertilizer.As a carrier of fertilizer,lignin can make use of its physical properties to absorb and encapsulate nutrient elements to prepare physical-retarded slow/controlled-release fertilizer,and its active group can be used to chemically react with nutrient elements to prepare chemosynthetic slow/controlled-release fertilizer.In this paper,the application of lignin in the preparation of physical-retarded slow-release fertilizer was reviewed.At the same time,the application status of chemosynthetic slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and chelating micro fertilizer prepared by lignin through ammoxidation,Mannich reaction and chelating reaction was reviewed.Finally,the physical-retarded slow-release mechanisms and chemosynthetic slow-release mechanisms(ammonia oxidation reaction,Mannich reaction and chelation reaction)of lignin slow/controlled-release fertilizers were discussed.Strengthening the scientific research and application development of lignin has great significance to promoting resource utilization and environmental protection.

关 键 词：木质素 缓控释肥 包膜 曼尼希反应 螯合反应 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]