不同水肥处理对宁夏枸杞产量及水肥利用效率的影响  

Effects of Different Water and Fertilizer Treatments on Yield and Water-Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Lycium Barbarum in Ningxia

作　　者：邓箴 尹娟[1,3,4] 尹亮 DENG Zhen;YIN Juan;YIN Liang(College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;College of Information Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions,Ministry of Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Research Center of Technology on Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resources Regulation,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学信息工程学院,银川750021 [3]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程中心,银川750021 [4]宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,银川750021

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2021年第3期25-30,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2018BBF2006);宁夏大学一流学科项目(NXYLXK2017A03);宁夏回族自治区青年人才托举工程(2017)。

摘　　要：为提高宁夏中部干旱区枸杞产量、水肥利用效率及经济效益,研究不同水肥处理对枸杞产量、水肥利用效率的影响。以"宁杞7号"枸杞为研究对象,采用"311-B"D饱和最优设计,分析不同水肥处理对枸杞耗水量、水肥利用效率和经济效益的影响。建立以枸杞产量、水肥利用效率、经济效益为因变量,水肥为自变量的回归模型,计算出各因素最大时对应的水肥用量,利用TOPSIS综合评价方法结合回归分析,确定膜下滴灌下枸杞综合效益最优的水肥施用方案。结果表明,枸杞的耗水量与灌水量呈正比关系,水分利用效率则随耗水量的增加呈降低趋势,水分利用效率最高为0.39 kg/m^(3),较最低值高41%;中水中肥的T11处理的枸杞鲜重和干重产量最高分别为8436 kg/hm^(2)和2250.3 kg/hm^(2),同时经济效益也达到最高为24.212万元/hm^(2),较平均水平高24.16%;中水高肥的T3处理的百粒重最大较T11处理高3.0%,粒度最小较T11处理低12.18%;肥料偏生产力与灌水量和水氮交互有极显著影响,与肥料用量呈反比关系。综合考虑灌水量、氮肥、钾肥对枸杞产量、水肥利用效率及经济效益的影响,兼顾节水节肥,膜下滴灌方式下枸杞的最优水肥方案为:灌溉定额为2324.25~2464.05m^(2)/hm^(2),肥料施量(N-P2O5-K2O)为419.85-269.25-330 kg/hm^(2)~486-294-330 kg/hm^(2)。In order to improve the yield,water and fertilizer use efficiency and economic benefit of Lycium barbarum in the central arid region of Ningxia,the effects of different water and fertilizer ratio on the yield and water and fertilizer use efficiency of Lycium barbarum were studied in this paper.Four years old Lycium barbarum"Ningqi No.7"was used as the research object to carry out experiments with"311-B"saturation D optimum design.The effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on water consumption,water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and economic benefits of Lycium barbarum were analyzed.A regression model with yield,water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and economic benefit as dependent variables and water and fertilizer as independent variables was established to calculate the amount of water and fertilizer corresponding to the maximum of each factor.Based on regression analysis and TOPSIS method,the optimal water and fertilizer application scheme of Lycium barbarum were determined under drip irrigation under film mulching.The results showed that the water consumption of Lycium barbarum was positively proportional to the irrigation water quantity,while the WUE decreased with the increase of water consumption.The maximum of WUE was 0.39 kg/m^(3) and 41%higher than the minimum value;the highest yield of fresh yield and dried yield of Lycium barbarum was 8436 kg/hm^(2) and 2250.3 kg/hm^(2),respectively,and the highest economic benefit was 24212 yuan/hm^(2) and 24.16%higher than the average;the maximum 100 grain weight of T3 treatment with medium water and high fertilizer was 3.0%higher than that of T11 treatment,and the minimum particle size was 12.18%lower than that of T11 treatment;the partial productivity of fertilizer was significantly influenced by irrigation amount and the interaction between water and nitrogen,which was inversely proportional to the amount of fertilizer.Comprehensively considering the effects of irrigation amount,nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer on yield,wa

关 键 词：枸杞 膜下滴灌 水肥处理 水肥利用效率 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] S532[农业科学—农业工程]