新型磷系阻燃剂的制备及其耐高温性能表征  

Preparation and High-temperature Resistance Characterization of Novel Phosphorous Flame Retardant

作　　者：贾明月 JIA Mingyue(Xiqing Fire Branch,Tianjin Fire and Rescue,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市消防救援总队西青支队,天津300384

出　　处：《天津科技》2021年第3期22-24,共3页Tianjin Science & Technology

摘　　要：随着我国消防事业的飞速发展,能够有效提高易燃或可燃物的难燃性及自熄性的阻燃剂引发了人们的关注。由于添加了阻燃剂的材料本身并不是不燃材料,只是在一定程度上降低了发生火灾的危险系数,一款阻燃剂的实际阻燃性能直接决定了材料基体自身的实际防火性能。利用三氯氧磷同苯酚反应得到二苯基磷酰氯后,再与白色片状双酚A反应得到新型磷系阻燃剂四苯基二磷酸酯(BDP),这是一种新型无卤缩聚型磷酸酯类阻燃剂,它具有低烟、低毒、环境污染小、热稳定性好、与材料相容性好和阻燃效果好的特点,当涂覆该阻燃剂的材料表面发生燃烧时,四苯基二磷酸酯层在高温状态下生成磷酸或聚磷酸,在燃烧物表面形成高粘度的熔融玻璃质和致密的炭化层,可有效切断燃烧过程中的热量传播,发挥良好的阻燃作用。With the rapid development of China's fire cause,flame retardants which can effectively improve the flame retardancy and self extinguishing of flammable or combustible materials have attracted people's attention.Since the material added with flame retardant is not incombustible,it only reduces the risk factor of fire to some extent,so the actual flame retardant performance of a flame retardant directly determines the actual fire retardant performance of the material matrix itself.Phosphorus oxychloride reacts with phenol to obtain diphenyl phosphoryl chloride,and then reacts with white flake bisphenol A to obtain a new type of phosphorus flame retardant bisphenol A diphosphate(BDP),which is a new type of halogen-free condensed phosphate flame retardant,it has the characteristics of low smoke,low toxicity,low environmental pollution,good thermal stability,good compatibility with materials and good flame retardant effect.When the surface of the material coated with the flame retardant burns,the BDP layer generates phosphoric acid or polyphosphoric acid at high temperature,forming high-viscosity molten glass and dense carbonized layer on the surface of the burning material,which can effectively cut off the heat transmission in the combustion process and play a good flame retardant role.

关 键 词：磷系阻燃剂 苯酚 阻燃性能 炭化层 

分 类 号：TS21[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]