秦黑杨杂交新品种木材纤维形态及物理力学性质  

Properties and Fiber Morphology of“Qinhei Yang”Woods

作　　者：冯德君[1] 赵泾峰[1] 陈卫华 FENG De-jun;ZHAO Jing-feng;CHEN Wei-hua(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2021年第2期198-201,212,共5页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题“白杨工业资源材高效培育技术研究”(2016YFD0600403)。

摘　　要：对产于渭河试验站的秦黑卜杨、秦黑青杨1号和秦黑青杨2号3种秦黑杨杂交新品种对照陕林4号杨木进行木材纤维形态和物理力学性质研究。秦黑卜杨、秦黑青杨1号、秦黑青杨2号和陕林4号杨木的纤维长度分别为987.5、1064、1087、935μm;木纤维长宽比分别为42.75、41.3、42.35、44.9;气干密度分别为0.44、0.42、0.42、0.49 g/cm^(3);体积干缩系数分别为0.40%、0.33%、0.28%、0.26%;顺纹抗压强度分别为36.46、34.79、36.21、46.29 MPa;抗弯强度分别为63.18、60.52、61.89、81.34 MPa;抗弯弹性模量分别为6896.67、6339.21、6627.16、8082.40 MPa;综合强度分别为99.64、95.31、98.10、127.63 MPa。结果表明,3种秦黑杨新品种的木纤维长度均大于陕林4号,木纤维长宽比略小于陕林4号;3种秦黑杨新品种的物理力学性质指标均小于陕林4号,但干缩系数大于陕林4号。综合分析纤维形态和物理力学性质指标,作为纤维工业用材,3种秦黑杨新品种优于陕林4号,3种秦黑杨新品种是较为理想的造纸和纤维工业用材;作为结构用木材,陕林4号优于3种秦黑杨杂交新品种。Three“Qinhei Yang”cultivars of Populus hybrids were collected from“Weihe River Experimental Station of Northwest A&F University”to study the physical and mechanical properties and fiber morphology of the woods,including“Qinhei Bu Yang(QHB)”(Populus deltoides×P.purdomii),“Qinhei Qing Yang No.1(QHQ-1)”(P.deltoides×P.cathayana),and“Qinhei Qing Yang No.2(QHQ-2)”(P.deltoides×P.cathayana).A main local cultivar“Shaanlin No.4(SL-4)”(P.deltoides×P.cathayana)was used as the control.The fiber lengths of the three cultivars,i.e.,“QHB”,“QHQ-1”,“QHQ-2”,and the control were 987.5,1064,1087 and 935μm,respectively.The ratios of length to width of the wood fibers of the three and the control were 42.75,41.3,42.35 and 44.9,respectively.The air dry densities were 0.44,0.42,0.42 and 0.49 g/cm^(3),respectively.The volume shrinkage coefficients were 0.40%,0.33%,0.28%and 0.26%,respectively.The longitudinal compressive strengths were 36.46,34.79,36.21 and 46.29 MPa,respectively.The bending strengths were 63.18,60.52,61.89 and 81.34,respectively.The flexural moduli were 6896.67,6339.21,6627.16,and 8082.40 mpa,respectively.The comprehensive strengths were 99.64,95.31,98.10,and 127.63 MPa,respectively.The results showed that the fiber lengths of three“Qinhei Yang”cultivars of Populus hybrids were longer than the control,the ratios of length to width were lower than the control.The values of the physico-mechanical property indices of the three were lower than the control.The shrinkage coefficients were greater than the control.The comprehensive analysis of the physico-mechanical analysis indicated that as structural wood,the control cultivar“SL-4”was better than the three“Qinhei Yang”cultivars,while the three were ideal materials for papermaking and fiber industry.

关 键 词：秦黑杨 物理力学性质 纤维形态 

分 类 号：S781.2[农业科学—木材科学与技术]