地方自治背景下印度尼西亚空间规划面临的挑战  

The challenges of spatial planning in Indonesia under the background of local autonomy

作　　者：Melda Ria Juwita 汪涛[1] 江昕阳 Agus Supriyadi Faruq Ansori Juwita Melda Ria;WANG Tao;JIANG Xinyang;Supriyadi Agus;Ansori Faruq(School of Geography,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Law,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023 [2]南京师范大学法学院,南京210023

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2021年第1期48-56,共9页World Regional Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41471103)。

摘　　要：空间规划通过协调区域活动,合理地利用空间,辅助国家政治、经济和社会等事务的治理。印尼的空间规划由总统制定、落实,它体现着国家政治层面的发展愿景和任务。当国家治理结构改变时,各区域的空间规划及其具体的实施过程也随之改变。分权化和地方自治是2001年以来印尼政府体制的重大变革。通过相关规划法律条文和文献分析,发现空间规划开始面临一系列问题,主要表现为资金和专业人员的缺乏、政策交叉现象和空间规划违规行为等。此外,印尼的地方自治制度对空间规划产生了一定的积极影响:首先,在地方自治的背景下,地方政府通过系统的管理增加了区域收入,以支持空间规划的实施;其次,地方政府开始优先聘用空间规划的专业人员,制定更加有效的空间规划政策;最后,各地区加强了对空间规划违规者的执法力度,增强了区域间团结意识,从而促进地区繁荣发展。目前中央与地方之间在权力和利益分配上仍存在着大量的博弈和冲突,应加强上下级政府之间的沟通与合作,保障地方对地方相关事务决策时的参与权,建立地方利益表达与平衡的机制,提高中央决策的科学化和民主化水平。Spatial planning assists the governance of national political, economic and social affairs by coordinating regional activities and making rational use of space.Spatial plan in Indonesia, formulated and implemented by the President, embodies the country’s political vision and tasks.When the governance structure changes, the spatial planning of each region and its specific implementation procedures also change.Decentralization and local autonomy are big-bang changes for the Indonesian government system.Since the local autonomy system has been implemented, Indonesia’s spatial planning has begun to face quite complex challenges.Based on a qualitative descriptive method and the adoption of a systematic literature review method to explore the challenges of local autonomy in spatial planning, the study analyzed the historical phase of local autonomy and spatial planning in Indonesia, and point out spatial planning problems in the local autonomy situation.It shows that problems such as lack of funds to start spatial planning for autonomous regions, lack of qualified human resources, the presence of regional egoism and frequent violations in the implementation of regional spatial planning can be overcome by sharpening the ability of government officials to manage local policies and enforce laws.Besides, local autonomy has a certain impact on space planning: First, in the context of local autonomy, local governments increase regional revenue through systematic management to support the implementation of space planning.Second, local governments began to give priority to hiring professionals in space planning to develop more effective space planning policies.Finally, each region has strengthened the enforcement of space planning violators and enhanced the sense of solidarity among regions, thus promoting regional prosperity and development.At present, there are still a lot of conflicts in the distribution of power and interests between the central government and local governments.Therefore, the communication and cooperat

关 键 词：空间规划 自治区 分权化 印度尼西亚 地方自治 

分 类 号：TU984.3[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]