形制之变(一)——新旧中医国家标准疾病部分异同解读  

Changes in form and system (Ⅰ): a comparative study on new and old editions of TCM National Standards of disease part

作　　者：李明 周强 董全伟 程磐基 包来发 娄月丽 蒋小贝 鲍颖洁 杨丽娜 朱邦贤 严世芸 LI Ming;ZHOU Qiang;DONG Quanwei;CHEN Panji;BAO Laifa;LOU Yueli;JIANG Xiaobei;BAO Yingjie;YANG Lina;ZHU Bangxian;YAN Shiyun(Formula and Pattern Information Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Shanghai Qihuang Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201203,China;Institute of Science,Technology and Humanities,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学中医方证信息研究中心,上海201203 [2]上海中医药大学交叉科学研究院,上海201203 [3]上海岐黄信息技术有限公司,上海201203 [4]上海中医药大学科技人文研究院,上海201203

出　　处：《上海中医药杂志》2021年第2期1-8,共8页Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA301);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1709203);国家中医药管理局中医药标准化专项(G2YFJS201728);上海市科委软科学重点项目(20692106000);上海市科委研发平台专项(18DZ2293900)。

摘　　要：目的解读中医国家标准(简称"国标")《中医病证分类与代码:GB/T 15657—1995》(简称"GB95")与《中医临床诊疗术语:GB/T 16751—1997》(简称"GB97")新旧版本中疾病部分在编制方法及内容上的差异,推动新版中医国标的应用。方法编制新旧国标的中医疾病名术语映射关系表,通过数据统计、文本比对等方法,从其编码方式、命名规范、编写体例、收录范围、分类体系、定义格式等方面进行分析和比较。结果 (1)《中医病证分类与代码(修订版)》根据其疾病术语及分类体系对编码方式进行了改进,采用了较为简便、便于扩充和有更大术语容量的编码方式,所有病证名术语均为一码一义。(2)新版国标制定了中医疾病名术语的命名原则,所有的疾病名术语遵循一词一义的原则,通过术语定义确定其内涵及临床诊断依据;取消术语名中的括号,将原GB95、GB97中用括号所标识的信息通过上下层级及可选用词(即同义词)的方式表示。(3)与GB97相比较,新版国标术语编号单独成行,新增了术语英译名和注。(4)《中医病证分类与代码(修订版)》和《中医临床诊疗术语第1部分:疾病(修订版)》收录了疾病名术语1 369个,其术语名称完全相同,相互对应。(5)新版国标弃用了原GB95临床分科的分类方式,形成了以中医病因、病机、病位等为基本要素,既与WHO ICD-11疾病分类思想相衔接,又具有中医学术理论支持,与中医临床路径相统一的疾病分类体系;同时将GB97中的"症状性名称"改为"临时诊断用术语"。(6)新版国标的术语定义格式规定,中医疾病名术语应包含该病的病因、病机、病位、特征性症状及所属类目等要素;将术语分为具有类目属性的术语和具体术语两大类,还对疾病名术语的定义描述词进行规范表述。结论与旧版国标相比较,新版中医国标对疾病名术语的编码方式、命名规范、编写体例、收录范Objective To interpret the differences in the compilation methods and content of the part of diseases between the old and new editions of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) National Standards-Classification and Codes of Diseases and Patterns of Traditional Chinese Medicine(GB/T 15657—1995) and Clinic Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medical Diagnosis and Treatment(GB/T 16751—1997) for the purpose of promoting the application of the new editions of TCM National Standards. Methods Relational mappings of TCM disease terms in the new and old TCM National Standards were compiled for the statistical analysis and text comparison of the coding mode, naming standard, compilation style, inclusion scope, classification system and definition format. Results(1)The revised edition of Classification and Codes of Diseases and Patterns of Traditional Chinese Medicine improved its coding mode by referring to its disease classification, which was simpler to understand, and much easier to expand terms due to its larger terminological capacity. All the terms of diseases and patterns realized one-to-one correspondence between code and term.(2)The naming standard formulated in the new editions of TCM National Standards. All the terms of diseases followed the principle that one term corresponds to only one meaning. There were no square brackets or parentheses in the terms. The information in the brackets or parentheses in the old editions(GB/T 15657—1995 and GB/T 16751—1997) was expressed in hierarchical order or with optional words(i.e. synonyms).(3)Compared with GB/T 16751—1997, the new editions of TCM National Standards had a separate line for each code, and also added an English translation of disease name and corresponding annotations for each term were added.(4)One thousand three hundred and sixty-nine terms of disease names were included in the revised edition of Classification and Codes of Diseases and Patterns of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Clinic Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medical Diagnosis and Treatmen

关 键 词：中医国家标准 中医疾病名术语 《中医病证分类与代码:GB/T 15657—1995》 《中医临床诊疗术语:GB/T 16751—1997》 中医疾病分类体系 中医标准化 

分 类 号：R2-0[医药卫生—中医学]