新疆典型干旱土和盐成土的系统分类归属  

Attribution of Typical Aridisols and Halosols of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in Soil Taxonomy

作　　者：郝士横 吴克宁[1,2] 鞠兵 杜凯闯 武红旗 杨淇钧[1] 李晓亮 HAO Shiheng;WU Kening;JU Bing;DU Kaichuang;WU Hongqi;YANG Qijun;LI Xiaoliang(School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China;Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [2]自然资源部土地整治重点实验室,北京100035 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [4]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《土壤学报》2021年第1期55-68,共14页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY110200A03)资助。

摘　　要：以新疆维吾尔自治区17个典型干旱土和盐成土的代表性单个土体作为本文研究对象,基于剖面形态特征和理化性质的分析,确定在中国土壤系统分类(CST)中的归属。研究过程中发现CST对于干旱表层的判定条件与盐积正常干旱土的定义有矛盾之处,致使分类时将一些含有盐积层的土壤划归到干旱土中,从而使干旱土扩大,盐成土减少,不利于盐成土的改良利用。本文提出修改建议,在干旱表层定义(2)后加上不满足盐积层条件的限定,将盐积正常干旱土的盐积层出现深度改为30 cm以下。还建议在钙积正常干旱土下设立高盐钙积正常干旱土亚类。并且按照建议方案对供试剖面进行归属。进行世界土壤资源参比基础(WRB)、美国土壤系统分类(ST)、中国土壤系统分类(CST)之间的参比。本文可以为修订和完善《中国土壤系统分类检索》(第四版)提供资料和建议。【Objective】To have the soils in Xinjiang(short for the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China)reasonably,clearly and scientifically classified will lay down a good foundation for development,utilization,mapping and management of the soil resources in the arid regions of China.In the process of the research,contradictions are found in the Chinese Soil Taxonomy(3rd ed.).The definition of the Aridic epipedon in the CST states that“from the soil surface,there is no salt or sodic vesicular layer or a mixture layer of soil and salt underlying it”,however,this definition does not specify depth of the specific underlay.In addition,according to this definition,the surface or the underlying soil layer without“saltilizing”is excluded.At the same time,the Sali-Orthic Aridosols is defined as“Salic horizon,Hypersalic horizon or Salipan with upper boundary within 100 cm of the mineral soil surface”,which is obviously contradictory to the previous one,thus leading to classifying some of the soils containing Salic horizon into Aridisols.Moreover,under Calci-Orthic Aridosols,no Subgroup is set specifically for salt accumulation.Hence,even though some soil profiles do have Aridic epipedon,Calcic horizon and Salic horizon,their characteristics of salt accumulation are not reflected in their names as a type of soil.Therefore,it is necessary to study these contradictions for solution.【Method】In this paper,17 typical Aridisols and Halosols soil profiles of Xinjiang were selected as objects for the study.Based on analyses of their morphological properties and physicochemical properties,the 17 soil profiles were sorted in attribution in CST.And as to the above contradictions,the following suggestions were put forth.The definition relevant to Aridic epipedon should be modified to:Down from the soil surface,no salt vesicular layer or sodic vesicular layer or underlying soil and salt mixture layer(not in compliance with the salt horizon condition).The definition of Sali-Orthic Aridosols should be modified to:Other Ort

关 键 词：土壤系统分类 干旱土 盐成土 新疆维吾尔自治区 

分 类 号：S155.3[农业科学—土壤学]