压力水平对煤矿企业急救员意志力与心理健康关系的中介效应  

Mediating effect of stress level on relationship between willpower and mental health of first aid officers in coal mine enterprises

作　　者：张莉[1] 岳玲梅[1] 朱泽军 蒋克[1] 马文有[1] ZHANG Li;YUE Ling-mei;ZHU Ze-jun;JIANG Ke;MA Wen-you(Department of Psychological Counseling,Kailuan Mental Health Center,Tangslum Hebei,063000,China)

机构地区：[1]开滦精神卫生中心心理咨询科,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第1期67-70,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(20171445)。

摘　　要：目的探讨煤矿企业急救员意志力、压力知觉和心理健康之间的关系。方法2017年4月-2018年5月选取唐山市部分煤矿企业急救员193人,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、意志力量表和压力自评量表(SSQ-53)进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果部分煤矿企业急救员躯体化(1.65±0.38)、强迫症状(1.74±0.57)、人际关系障碍(1.75±0.50)和精神病性(1.36±0.40)因子得分高于全国常模水平,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。煤矿企业急救员的意志力因子与SCL-90中的总分、躯体化、强迫症状、人际障碍、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性及其他因子呈显著负相关(r=-0.366、-0.227、-0.349、-0.268、-0.419、-0.304、-0.292、-0.299、-0.349、-0.289、-0.184,均P<0.05)。意志力与压力水平、心理健康水平呈负相关(r=-0.156、-0.349;均P<0.05),压力水平与心理健康呈正相关(r=0.459,P<0.05)。压力水平在意志力与心理健康水平中具有较强的中介效应,对意志力与心理健康水平的总调节效应为18.56%。结论煤矿企业急救员比一般人群心理健康水平差,人际关系敏感,强迫思维和行为明显;急救员的心理压力水平影响心理健康水平,压力水平在意志力和心理健康中具有较强的中介效应。Objective To explore the relationship among willpower,stress perception and mental health of first aid officers in coal mine enterprises.Methods From April 2017 to May 2018,193 first aid officers from some coal mine enterprises in Tangshan were selected.Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90),Willpower Scale and Self-rating Stress Scale(SSQ-53)were used for questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed.Results The scores of somatization factor(1.65±0.38),obsessive-compulsive symptom factor(1.74±0.57),interpersonal relationship disorder factor(1.75±0.50)and psychotic factor(1.36±0.40)among first aid officers from some coal mining enterprises were higher than the national norms,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The willpower of first aid officers in coal mine enterprises was significantly negatively correlated with the total score of SCL-90,and the scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal disorder,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror,paranoia,psychosis and other factors in SCL-90(r=-0.366,-0.227,-0.349,-0.268,-0.419,-0.304,-0.292,-0.299,-0.349,-0.289,-0.184,all P<0.05).Willpower was negatively correlated with stress level and mental health level(r=-0.156,-0.349,both P<0.05),while stress level was positively correlated with mental health(r=0.459,P<0.05).The stress level had a strong mediating effect between willpower and mental health,and the total moderating effect between willpower and mental health was 18.56%.Conclusion The first aid officers in coal mine enterprises have poor mental health level than general population,with sensitive interpersonal relationship,obvious compulsive thinking and behavior.The level of psychological stress of first aid officers affects the level of mental health,and the level of stress has a strong mediating effect between willpower and mental health.

关 键 词：煤矿 急救员 心理健康 意志力 压力水平 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]