施用生物炭对分次施氮砖红壤N_(2)O排放的影响  

Effect of Biochar Amendment on N_(2)O Emission from Latosol Soil

作　　者：曹明[1] 潘凤娥 伍延正 孟磊[2] 何秋香 柯用春[1] CAO Ming;PAN Feng'e;WU Yanzheng;MENG Lei;HE Qiuxiang;KE Yongchun(Sanya Academy for Science and Technology of Crop Winter Multiplication,Sanya 572000,China;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]三亚市南繁科学技术研究院,海南三亚572000 [2]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期338-344,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200305);国家自然科学基金项目(41661051,41807022);海南省重大科技专项(ZDKJ2017002);海南省自然科学基金(317070)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨添加生物炭对先后2次施氮砖红壤N_2O排放的影响,为生物炭还田施氮技术提供科学依据。【方法】利用室内培养试验,按砖红壤风干土质量的0、1%和2%水平添加生物炭,各处理先后2次施入等量氮,施氮后观测土壤N_2O排放及土壤理化性质变化。【结果】土壤pH、阳离子交换量(CEC)和土壤有机碳、速效磷、速效钾和全氮含量随着生物炭添加量的增加而增加。第1次施氮后,生物炭添加促进土壤硝化作用,显著降低施肥后土壤NH_4~+-N含量(P<0.05),增加土壤NO_3~--N含量。相比对照,添加生物炭显著降低第1次施氮后N_2O排放(P<0.05),降低幅度随生物炭用量增加而增加。第2次施氮,生物炭反而促进N_2O排放。综合2次施氮后N_2O的排放总量,相比对照,添加生物炭仍显著降低N_2O排放。【结论】施用生物炭显著改善土壤肥力,提高土壤保肥性能和减轻酸化程度。配合水分管理,可有效实现N_2O减排。[Purpose] This study was aimed to investigate the effects of biochar on the nitrous oxide(N2O) emission after two times of N application in latosol soil and provide basis for biochar and nitrogen fertilizer application. [Methods] An incubation experiment with two times of the same amount of N fertilizer application after each 0, 1% and 2%(m/m) levels of biochar application was conducted to measure N2O emission and related soil properties. [Results] The soil pH, cation exchange capacity(CEC), soil organic carbon, available P, available K and total N increased with the rate of biochar application. Biochar application promoted nitrification which significantly decreased NH4+-N(P<0.05) and increased NO3--N concentrations. Biochar application decreased N2O emission after the first time of N fertilizer application(P<0.05), the higher the rate of biochar application was,the greater the reduction of N2O emission was. However, biochar application promoted N2O emission after the second time of N fertilizer application. Biochar application decreased total N2O emission in the combination two times of N2O emission. [Conclusion] Biochar application significantly improved soil productivity and soil fertility, and alleviated soil acidification. Combined with water management, biochar application can mitigate N2O emission.

关 键 词：生物炭 N_2O 分次施肥 硝化作用 

分 类 号：S153.62[农业科学—土壤学]