北京市花岗岩与白云岩山体植物群落研究  

Species diversity of plant community in granite and dolomite mountains of Beijing

作　　者：亓玉婷 崔婧沄 张丹丹 郝培尧[1,2] 董丽 Qi Yuting;Cui Jingyun;Zhang Dandan;Hao Peiyao;Dong Li(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Beijing 100083,China;Forest and Nature Conservation,Wageningen University and Research Centre,Wageningen 6708PB,Netherlands)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [2]城乡生态环境北京实验室,北京100083 [3]瓦赫宁根大学与研究中心森林与自然保护学专业,瓦赫宁根6708PB

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2021年第3期117-130,共14页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2019ZY44);北京市科技计划项目(D171100007217003);北京市共建项目(2016GJ-03)。

摘　　要：【目的】以北京市花岗岩与白云岩山体为研究地,探究不同基岩条件下植物群落的差异性,为北京市花岗岩与白云岩山体植被修复提供科学依据。【方法】实验分别选择花岗岩与白云岩山体各3座,通过样方调查,从物种构成、生物多样性、海拔梯度特征、相似性系数等方面对两种不同基岩的山体植物群落特征进行分析。【结果】(1)花岗岩山体植被共计188种,隶属61科148属;白云岩山体植被共计95种,隶属38科80属;均以禾本科、蝶形花科、菊科为优势科,是两种基岩山体重要的植物修复种植资源来源。(2)采用对不同生活型分别进行测度的方法,得出北京市两种基岩山体植被之间乔木层、灌木层、草本层的优势种,可作为山体修复的重要材料。(3)对比花岗岩山体内部植物群落特征,发现彼此之间不具有一致性;对比白云岩山体内部植物群落特征,发现具有较高一致性。对比花岗岩、白云岩山体植物群落特征发现具有较高一致性。【结论】不同花岗岩与白云岩山体的植物群落物种在优势科属上具有一致性,是花岗岩与白云岩山体生态修复的重要植物资源。通过比较各山体间的相似性,表明进行花岗岩山体植物修复时不能一概而论,应注意区分不同立地条件;而针对白云岩山体,则可以采用类似的方法和植物种类进行修复。[Objective]Based on the study of granite and dolomite mountain in Beijing,this study explored the differences of plant communities under different bedrock conditions,and provided scientific basis for vegetation restoration of granite and dolomite mountain in Beijing.[Method]Three granite and dolomite mountains were selected in the experiment.Through the sample survey,the plant community characteristics of two different kinds of bedrock were analyzed from the aspects of species composition,biodiversity,altitude gradient characteristics,similarity coefficient,etc.[Result]The results showed that:(1)there were 188 kinds of vegetation in granite mountain,belonging to 148 genera of 61 families;95 kinds of vegetation in dolomite mountain,belonging to 80 genera of 38 families;all of them were dominated by Compistae,Fabaceae and Gramineae,which were the important resources of plant restoration and planting in two kinds of bedrock mountain.(2)By measuring different life styles,the dominant species of tree layer,shrub layer and herb layer between two kinds of bedrock mountain vegetation in Beijing can be used as important materials for mountain restoration.(3)Compared with the characteristics of plant community in granite mountain,it was found that there was no consistency between them;compared with the characteristics of plant community in dolomite mountain,it was found that there was a high consistency.[Conclusion]The plant community species of different granite and dolomite mountain are consistent in dominant families and genera,which are important plant resources for ecological restoration of granite and dolomite mountain.By comparing the similarity between different mountains,we can not generalize the phytoremediation of granite mountain.We should pay attention to distinguish different site conditions.For the dolomite mountain,we can use similar methods and plant species to repair.

关 键 词：花岗岩山体 白云岩山体 植物群落特征 山体修复 

分 类 号：S731.6[农业科学—林学]