航天器大功率微波部件微放电测试研究进展  

Progress of Multipactor Detection in the High-power Microwave Components for Spacecraft

作　　者：魏焕[1] 王新波[1] 胡天存[1] 李砚平 王保新 崔万照[1] WEI Huan;WANG Xinbo;HU Tiancun;LI Yanping;WANG Baoxin;CUI Wanzhao(China Academy of Space Technology(Xi'an),Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Microwave,Xi'an 710000,China;China Academy of Space Technology(Xi'an),Xi'an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院西安分院空间微波技术重点实验室,西安710000 [2]中国空间技术研究院西安分院,西安710000

出　　处：《空间电子技术》2021年第1期41-46,共6页Space Electronic Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号:U1537211),国家自然科学基金(编号:61701394,11705142,51675421)。

摘　　要：微放电效应是由真空条件下的微波部件在电磁场驱动电子运动碰撞部件产生二次电子倍增引起,发生时将引起噪声电平抬高、部件表面损坏、微波传输系统驻波比增大、甚至导致微波部件永久性失效,成为星载大功率微波部件研制的瓶颈问题之一。因此大功率微波部件在随卫星发射之前需要进行严格的微放电试验验证。本文介绍了常用的微放电检测方法,包括近载波噪声检测法、谐波检测法、正反向功率调零检测法,并对其做了分析比较。近年来,对微放电检测方法提出自动化、数字化和安全检测要求,文章还介绍了微放电自动调零检测技术,同时介绍了辐射源、电子枪、紫外光三种微放电测试种子电子源,并分析了其适用条件,为微放电检测试验提供了选择依据。The multipactor effect is an electron discharge which is exerted by a force on primary free electrons in vacuum and driven by electromagnetic fields between dielectric or metal surfaces.It will result in serious consequences such as rising noise level,damaging component surfaces,increasing voltage standing wave ratio of transmission system,and even permanent failure.Thus it becomes a bottleneck problem in developing high power microwave components for satellite.With the higher power of satellite,it is essential that some of microwave components should measure multipactor threshold due to lack of appropriate manufacture and storage on ground.Current methods for detecting multipactor are introduced and analyzed,such as close to carrier noise,harmonic noise,and microwave nulling method.Recent years,automatic and digital characteristic method for detecting multipactor as well as safety is proposed.Automatic nulling method for multipactor detection is presented,and seeding electron source including regulated electron gun,radioactive sources,and UV light is introduced and then application condition is analyzed,which can support multipactor test.

关 键 词：微放电 检测方法 自动调零检测 种子电子 

分 类 号：TG305[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]