电动自行车车架/前叉组合件动态特性分析研究  

Analysis and Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Electric Bicycle Frame/Fork Assembly

作　　者：樊婧婧 王磊[1] 游显锋 吉文博 刘建辉[1] Fan Jingjng;Wang Lei;You Xianfeng;Ji Wenbo;Liu Jianhui(China National Motorcycle Testing Center)

机构地区：[1]国家摩托车质量监督检验中心

出　　处：《摩托车技术》2021年第3期34-37,共4页Motorcycle Technology

摘　　要：电动自行车因其轻便性和绿色环保性的特征,近年来深受骑行者的青睐,为人们的出行提供了便利。车架/前叉组合件作为电动自行车整车的核心载体,其承载性和抗疲劳性极大影响骑行者的行车安全,因此,电动自行车车架应具有足够的强度和刚度。GB 17761—2018《电动自行车安全技术规范》将“车架/前叉组合件各部位不应有可见裂纹、破损、明显变形和松动”作为振动强度试验结果判定条件,并未提出该项目量化考察的指标和依据。但振动会对车架造成疲劳损坏,同样存在安全风险。本文针对车架/前叉组合件的动态特性进行分析,提取车架的低阶模态振型图,得到车架承受振动时的薄弱位置;并通过振动特性仿真分析研究车架在振动试验时的易疲劳位置及振动变形量。Electric bicycles have been favored by cyclists in recent years because of their portability and environmental protection characteristics,and they have provided convenience for the mobility of the people.The frame/front fork assembly is the core carrier of the electric bicycle,and its load-bearing capacity and fatigue resistance greatly affect the driving safety of the rider.Therefore,the electric bicycle frame should have sufficient strength and rigidity.The“Electric Bicycle Safety Technical Code”(GB 17761—2018)regards"the frame/front fork assembly should not have visible cracks,damage,obvious deformation and looseness"as the judgment condition of the vibration intensity test result,and does not propose indicators and basis of the quantitative inspection of the project.However,vibration can cause fatigue damage to the frame,and there are also safety risks.This paper analyzes the dynamic characteristics of the frame/front fork assembly,extracts the low-order mode shape diagram of the frame,and obtains the weak position of the frame when the frame is subjected to vibration;and analyzes the vibration characteristics of the frame during the vibration test and the fatigue position and the amount of vibration deformation.

关 键 词：车架/前叉组合件 振动强度 动态特性 

分 类 号：U484[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]