川南城市群空气污染特征及气象影响因素分析  

Analysis of Air Pollution Characteristics and Meteorological Affecting Factors in Southern Sichuan Urban Agglomeration

作　　者：雷雨 张小玲 杨凯晴 青泉 康平 LEI Yu;ZHANG Xiaoling;YANG Kaiqing;QING Quan;KANG Ping(Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,College of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Provincial Meteorological Observatory,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川成都610225 [2]四川省气象台/高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室,四川成都610072

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2021年第1期101-109,共9页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大资助项目(91644226);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0214002、2018YFC0214001);四川省科技计划资助项目(2018JY0011、2018SZDZX0023)。

摘　　要：随着川南地区经济规模不断扩大,能源消耗量和机动车拥有量的不断增加,对空气质量的改善带来了较大困难。以四川盆地川南城市群为研究区域,利用环境空气质量监测资料和地面气象观测资料,分析了2015-2018年川南城市群6种污染物(PM2.5_(10)、PM_(2.5)、S0_(2)、N0_(2)、0_(3)、C0)的年、月、日变化特征以及其与气象要素的相关性,并对主要污染物PM_(2.5)和0_(3)在不同污染等级下的气象要素区间进行讨论。得出以下结论:2015-2018年来川南城市群PM_(2.5)、PM2.5_(10)浓度冬季>春季>秋季>夏季,日变化为“双峰双谷”型;0_(3)月变化为“倒U”型,日变化为“单峰”型;S0_(2)、NO_(2)和CO浓度冬季高于夏季,S0_(2)和NO_(2)日变化为“双峰双谷”型,C0为“单峰”型。颗粒物污染日数呈下降趋势,其中泸州和内江PM_(2.5)浓度均降低36.7%,PM_(2.5)浓度分别降低32%和29.8%,而臭氧浓度和臭氧超标日数均具有升高趋势,其中自贡O_(3)-8 h浓度第90百分数上升幅度最大,可达28.7%。综合气象因子分析显示:静小风、高湿、低温、无降水等气象条件对PM_(2.5)的扩散和清除十分不利,容易导致川南地区形成重污染天气过程;而静小风、高温、低湿有利于O_(3)的生成和累积。With the continuous expansion of economic scale in southern Sichuan,the increasing energy consumption and motor vehicle ownership have brought great difculies to the improvement of its air quality.In order to explore the year-ly,monthly,and daily change characteristics of 6 kinds of pollutants(PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO2,NO2,O3 and CO)and the correlation between the it and analyze the meteorological factors in the southern Sichuan city group in the last four years,and discuss the meteorological elements range of main pollutants PM_(2.5) and O_(3),under different pollution levels.The fol-lowing conclusions are drawn:From 2015 to 2018,the concentration of PM_(2.5) and PM。in the southern Sichuan urban agglomeration is winter>spring>autumn>summer,and the daily change is"bimodal and double valley"type;The 0_(3)month change is"inverted U"type,and the daily change is"unimodal type";The concentration of SO_(2),NO2 and CO in winter is higher than that in summer,the daily change of SO_(2) and NO_(2) is of"bimodal and double valley"type,and CO is of"unimodal"type.The number of particulate pollution days showed a downward trend,which the concentration of PM_(2.5)in Luzhou and Neijiang decreased by 36.7%,and the concentration of PM_(10)decreased by 32%and 29.8%,respectively.While the concentration of ozone and ozone exceeding standard days both showed an increasing trend,which the 90th percentile of Zigong O_(3)-8 h concentration increased the most,up to 28.7%.Comprehensive meteorologi-cal factor analysis shows that the weather conditions such as quiet wind,high humidity,low temperature,and no precip-itation are very unfavorable for the diffusion and removal of PM_(2.5),which can easily lead to the formation of a heavily polluted weather process in southern Sichuan;While quiet wind,high temperature,and low humidity Conducive to the generation and accumulation of O_(3).

关 键 词：空气污染 特征分析 气象因子 相关性 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]