四溴双酚A和四氯双酚A对非洲爪蛙蝌蚪的毒性效应  

Toxic Effects of Tetrabromobisphenol A and Tetrachlorobisphenol A on Xenopus laevis Tadpoles

作　　者：牛玥 朱敏 刘芃岩[2] 秦占芬[1,3] Niu Yue;Zhu Min;Liu Pengyan;Qin Zhanfen(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Toxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]河北大学化学与环境科学学院,保定071002 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2020年第6期115-122,共8页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFF0211203);国家自然科学基金面上项目(21876196)。

摘　　要：四溴双酚A(tetrabromobisphenol A,TBBPA)和四氯双酚A(tetrachlorobisphenol A,TCBPA)作为阻燃剂被大量生产和使用,其毒性效应受到关注。相对鱼类和哺乳类动物,TBBPA和TCBPA对两栖动物的毒性数据还比较缺乏。本文研究了TBBPA和TCBPA对非洲爪蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性,并比较了二者对氧化应激标记基因和凝血相关基因转录水平的影响。结果表明,TBBPA和TCBPA的48 h半致死浓度分别为4.31 mg·L^(-1)和3.99 mg·L^(-1);在无蝌蚪死亡浓度下,TBBPA和TCBPA均能显著影响蝌蚪体内典型氧化应激标记基因的表达,其中,对谷胱甘肽转移酶(glutathione transferase)gst基因的影响最显著,TBBPA和TCBPA的效应相近;TBBPA和TCBPA对蝌蚪体内热休克蛋白的转录影响不明显;另外发现,TBBPA和TCBPA可导致蝌蚪产生凝血现象,同时凝血相关基因的转录水平被上调。综上可知,TBBPA和TCBPA对蝌蚪的急性毒性都为中毒,氧化应激效应也接近,但不引起热休克蛋白转录的变化。Tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)and tetrachlorobisphenol A(TCBPA),as flame retardants,are extensively produced and used,and their toxic effects have raised more concerns.Little is known about their toxic effects on amphibians relative to fish and mammals.In this study,we investigated their acute toxicities and effects on oxidative stress markers in Xenopus laevis tadpoles.As a result,48 h median lethal concentration values of TBBPA and TCBPA were 4.31 mg·L^(-1) and 3.99 mg·L^(-1),respectively.At no death concentrations,TBBPA and TCBPA affected transcriptional levels of typical marker genes for oxidative stress,with the most dramatic effect on glutathione transferase gene gst.TBBPA and TCBPA had no significant effects on heat shock protein(HSP)gene expression.Unexpectedly,we found that TBBPA and TCBPA resulted in coagulation in hearts and tails,coupled with the transcriptional up-regulation of coagulation genes.The results show that TBBPA and TCBPA had the medium toxicity to tadpoles,with similar effects on oxidative stress and no effects on HSP gene transcription.

关 键 词：四溴双酚A 四氯双酚A 非洲爪蛙 急性毒性 氧化应激 凝血 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]