某汽车制造业女职工生殖健康现状及影响因素分析  

Reproductive health status and its influencing factors of female employees in an automobile manufacturing industry

作　　者：余朝霞 袁丹 周湘军 俞文兰[2] 杨迪[3] 金楠[3] 陈于 YU Zhaoxia;YUAN Dan;ZHOU Xiangjun;YU Wenlan;YANG Di;JIN Nan;CHEN Yu(School of Public Health and Management,Chongqing Medical University,Research Center for Medicine and Social Development,Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Healthy Chongqing 400016,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院,医学与社会发展研究中心,健康领域社会风险预测治理协同创新中心,重庆400016 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生和中毒控制所,北京100050 [3]重庆市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与放射卫生所,重庆400042

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2020年第6期671-675,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(18BRK038)。

摘　　要：目的分析某汽车制造业女职工生殖健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样方法,选择某汽车制造厂989名女职工为研究对象,采用《女职工生殖健康状况问卷》进行调查,分析其生殖健康状况影响因素。结果研究对象月经异常患病率为23.7%(234/989);月经异常主要为月经周期紊乱,患病率为15.4%(152/989)。生殖道感染性疾病患病率为39.1%(387/989),其中患病率居前2位依次为宫颈炎和阴道炎,分别为12.7%和12.1%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,夜班女职工罹患月经异常的风险高于白班者(P<0.05);随着工作强度的增加,女职工罹患月经异常的风险越高(P<0.05);有流产史的女职工罹患月经异常和生殖道感染性疾病的风险均高于无流产史者(P值均<0.05);月经异常的女职工罹患生殖道感染性疾病的风险高于月经正常者(P<0.01);已婚者罹患生殖道感染性疾病的风险高于未婚者(P<0.01)。结论汽车制造业女职工的生殖健康与婚姻状况、轮班、工作强度、流产史均有关联。Objective To analyze the reproductive health status of female employees in an automobile manufacturing industry and its influencing factors. Methods By a method of convenient sampling, 989 female employees of an automobile manufacturer were selected as the study subjects. The Female Employees′ Reproductive Health Status Questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze the influencing factors. Results The prevalence of abnormal menstruation was 23.7%(234/989). The abnormal menstruation was mainly the menstrual cycle disorder, with the prevalence of 15.4%(152/989). The prevalence of reproductive tract infection was 39.1%(387/989), and the top 2 types of infection were cervicitis(12.7%) and vaginitis(12.1%). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of abnormal menstruation in night shift workers was higher than that in day shift workers(P<0.05). The risk of abnormal menstruation increased in female workers with the increase of work intensity(P<0.05). Female workers with a history of abortion had higher risk of abnormal menstruation and reproductive tract infection than those without a history of abortion(all P<0.05). Female workers with abnormal menstruation had a higher risk of reproductive tract infection than those with normal menstruation(P<0.01). Married employees had a higher risk of reproductive tract infection than unmarried ones(P<0.01). Conclusion The reproductive health of female workers in the automobile manufacturing industry is related to their marital status, work shift, work intensity and history of abortion.

关 键 词：汽车制造业 女工 生殖健康 婚姻状况 月经异常 流产史 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]