鼻颅底肿瘤患者内镜手术后心理学变化的分析  

The psychological status of patients with nasal skull base tumor after endoscopic surgery

作　　者：危维[1] 杨晓彤[1] 刘俊其[1] 严波[1] 王振霖[1] 张秋航[1] WEI Wei;YANG Xiaotong;LIU Junqi;YAN Bo;WANG Zhenlin;ZHANG Qiuhang(Department of Otorhinolaryngology&Head and Neck Surgery,XuanWu Hospita1,Capital Medica1 University,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100053

出　　处：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2021年第1期25-29,共5页Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University

基　　金：首都医科大学宣武医院院级课题201706。

摘　　要：目的分析鼻颅底肿瘤患者在内镜手术前后的心理变化。方法对62例鼻颅底肿瘤患者采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、攻击问卷(AQ)以及“空鼻综合征”症状问卷(ENS6Q),评估其在手术前、术后3个月及术后1年的心理状态变化。结果患者术前SAS评分(42.29±9.24)高于国内常模,术后3个月和术后1年SAS得分(38.94±8.08)、(37.74±8.19),与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前SDS评分(46.06±8.03)高于国内常模,术后3个月和术后1年SDS得分(43.63±6.72)、(42.94±7.42),与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。良性肿瘤患者术后1年SDS评分(40.59±6.69)低于恶性肿瘤患者(44.74±7.54)(P<0.05)。切除鼻甲患者术后3个月及术后1年的ENS6Q评分均高于术前(P<0.01)。切除鼻甲患者与保留鼻甲患者在术前、术后3个月及术后1年的SAS、SDS、AQ评分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论鼻颅底肿瘤患者有较明显的焦虑和抑郁情绪,应加强对患者的心理护理和疏导。Objective To analyze the psychological changes in patients with nasal skull base tumor after endoscopic surgery.Methods Applying the Zung-self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),Zung-self-rating depression scale(SDS),aggression questionnaire(AQ),and empty nose syndrome 6-item questionnaire(ENS6Q),we assessed 62 patients with nasal skull base tumor before surgery,at three months,and a year after surgery.Results The preoperative SAS scores(42.29±9.24)were significantly higher than those of the national normal model,and the postoperative scores at 3 months(38.94±8.08)and a year after surgery(37.74±8.19)(P<0.05).The preoperative SDS scores(46.06±8.03)were higher than those of the national normal model and the postoperative scores at 3 months(43.63±6.72)and a year after surgery(42.94±7.42)(P<0.05).At one year after surgery,the SDS scores of patients with benign tumors(40.59±6.69)were lower than those of patients with malignant tumors(44.74±7.54)(P<0.05).The postoperative ENS6Q scores of patients who underwent turbinectomy were significantly higher than those of patients before surgery(P<0.01).The SAS,SDS,and AQ scores of patients who underwent turbinectomy were not significantly different from the scores of patients with turbinate preservation before and after surgery(P>0.05).Conclusion The patients with nasal skull base tumor obviously experienced anxiety and depression.Psychological care and interventions should be provided to them.

关 键 词：颅底肿瘤 鼻肿瘤 心理学 焦虑 抑郁 空鼻综合征 

分 类 号：R765.9[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]