庐山外来植物调查研究  

Study on the Alien Plants in Lushan,Jiangxi Province,China

作　　者：吴雪惠 戴宇峰 汪宏 吕丹丹 姜轶涵 杨光耀[1] 唐明 WU Xuehui;DAI Yufeng;WANG Hong;LYU Dandan;JIANG Yihan;YANG Guangyao;TANG Ming(College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Administration of Jiangxi Guanshan National Nature Reserve,Yichun,Jiangxi 336000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院,江西南昌330045 [2]官山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西宜春336000

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2021年第1期5-9,共5页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：国家林业和草原局科技发展中心项目(KJZXSA2018009,KJZXSA2019007)。

摘　　要：【目的】为进一步了解庐山地区现有外来植物现状,掌握庐山外来植物数据,为庐山外来植物管理提供参考依据。【方法】运用线路踏查法进行野外调查并结合相关文献、标本资料,对庐山外来植物种类、生活型、原产地、引入途径以及外来入侵植物种类进行研究。【结果】庐山外来植物共有89科309属448种:(1)菊科植物种类最多,有69种,约占总数的15.4%;(2)草本类外来植物有289种,占比最大,约64.5%;其次是乔木,83种,约占总数的18.5%;(3)原产于美洲的植物最多,有178种,约占总数的39.2%;其次是亚洲,有106种,约占23.3%;欧洲、非洲和大洋洲所占植物较少;(4)大部分外来植物为有意引种,引种目的主要为观赏;(5)庐山外来入侵植物有115种,占外来植物总数的25.67%。【结论】庐山的生态环境特殊,外来植物种类丰富,建议加强外来植物监管监测、科学引种,同时加大外来入侵植物危害宣传,完善外来入侵植物防治措施。[Objective]To further understand the present situation and the data of alien species in Lushan mountain,providing a reference for the management of alien species.[Methods]We analyzed and discussed the floristic composition,life form,original place,introduction way of alien species,and invasive alien species in Lushan based on field investigation by route checking method,and related literature study and specimens examination.[Result]448 alien plants belonging to 89 families and 309 genera are recorded in Lushan,(1)69 species are within Asteraceae,accounting for 15.4%of the total.(2)Most of the alien plants are herbs and account for the largest proportion(289 species,64.5%),next is arbor(83 species,18.5%).(3)178 alien species mainly came from American,accounting for 39.2%,followed by those with Asian origins(106 species,23.3%),and the proportions of the alien plants originated from European,Africa,Mediterranean and Oceania are all much less.(4)The alien species are mostly introduced for ornamental.(5)115 alien plants have been recorded strongly invasive,accounting for 25.67%of the total.[Conclusion]Lushan has a special ecological environment and abundant species of alien plants.Effective measures should be put forward to control them,such as strengthening the supervision and detection,and scientific introduction,increasing the publicity of the harm of alien invasive plants,as well as improving the prevention and control measures of alien invasive plants.

关 键 词：庐山 外来植物 入侵植物 庐山植物园 原产地 

分 类 号：S718.49[农业科学—林学]