甘蔗黑穗病研究进展  

Research Progress of Sugarcane Smut Disease

作　　者：王长秘 李婕 张荣跃[1] 王晓燕[1] 单红丽[1] 仓晓燕[1] 尹炯[1] 罗志明[1] 黄应昆 WANG Changmi;LI jie;ZHANG Rongyue;WANG Xiaoyan;SHAN Hongli;CANG Xiaoyan;YIN Jiong;LUO Zhiming;HUANG Yingkun(Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661699

出　　处：《中国糖料》2021年第2期65-70,共6页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)建设专项资金(CARS-170303);云岭产业技术领军人才培养项目(2018LJRC56);云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(YNGZTX-4-92)资助。

摘　　要：甘蔗黑穗病是一种世界性的重要真菌病害,严重影响甘蔗的产量和品质,可使甘蔗产量损失10%~50%,糖分下降0.5~1个百分点,威胁到甘蔗产业的稳定和发展。本文综述了甘蔗黑穗病的发生及危害、病原、症状、遗传多样性及其检测方法,从甘蔗不同组织、防御酶系统、基因方面阐述了对黑穗病菌的胁迫响应,其防治方法最根本的是选用抗黑穗病甘蔗品种,其次是农业防治、化学防治和生物防治。并对甘蔗黑穗病的深入研究提出了展望:(1)进一步明确生理小种分布;(2)探索不同轮作方式;(3)抗黑穗病基因应用;(4)新型生物农药研发。Sugarcane smut disease is an important worldwide fungal disease,which seriously affects yield and quality of sugarcane,it reduces sugarcane yield by 10%–50%and sugar content by 0.5–1 percent point,so it threatens the stability and development of sugarcane industry.In this paper,the disease occurrence,damage,pathogen,symptoms,genetic diversity and detection methods;response of sugarcane to sugarcane smut stress were reviewed from different tissues,defense enzyme systems and genes of sugarcane,and control measures included the most fundamental method of selecting sugarcane varieties resistant to sugarcane smut and agricultural,chemical and biological control.The pros⁃pect of further study on sugarcane smut was put forward as follows:(1)to further clarify the distribution of physiological races;(2)to explore the different rotation modes;(3)to apply the gene of resistance to smut;(4)to develop the new biopesticide.

关 键 词：甘蔗 黑穗病 病原 胁迫响应 防控对策 

分 类 号：S433.661[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]