山东省海洋空间开发保护现状、问题及对策  

Current Status,Problems and Countermeasures of Marine Spatial Development and Protection,Shandong Province

作　　者：陈斌 徐永臣[3] 徐承芬[1] 王琰 牟秀娟 CHEN Bin;XU Yongchen;XU Chengfen;WANG Yan;MU Xiujuan(Qingdao Geo-Marine Engineer Survey,Qingdao 266071,China;Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,Qingdao 266071,China;Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋地质工程勘察院,青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋地质研究所,青岛266071 [3]中国海洋大学,青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2021年第3期3-8,共6页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：山东省国土空间规划重大专题研究“山东海洋国土空间开发与保护专题”.

摘　　要：海洋是国民经济发展和社会进步的重要空间载体,海洋国土空间开发与保护对于实现可持续的经济增长、改善全球气候环境和提升人民生活福祉具有重大战略意义。山东省海域使用类型基本齐全,但开发利用结构规模不均衡,渔业用海比重较大,不合理的开发利用给海岸带和近海生态环境带来巨大威胁,严重制约了海洋经济的健康发展。文章根据山东省海域使用调查数据,综合分析了山东省海洋空间使用现状的特点以及存在的自然岸线保有压力增大、海洋空间开发利用科学性不足、近岸海域生态系统及服务功能受损较重、海洋污染造成的环境风险不容忽视、现代海洋产业体系不够完善、陆海统筹机制不健全等主要问题,在此基础上,从海洋空间资源、陆海统筹污染防治体系、现代海洋产业体系等角度提出了优化山东省海洋国土空间开发保护的相关对策建议。The ocean is an important spatial carrier for national economic development and social progress.The development and protection of marine territorial space is of great strategic significance for realizing sustainable economic growth,improving global climate environment and improving people′s well-being.The types of sea area utilization in Shandong Province are basically complete,but the scale of development and utilization structure is unbalanced,and the proportion of sea area used for fishery is large.The unreasonable development and utilization has brought great threat to the coastal zone and the coastal ecological environment,and seriously restricts the healthy development of marine economy.The paper was based on the current status data of sea area use in Shandong province.Through the analysis of the characteristics of the current situation of the use of marine space in Shandong Province,the following problems were obtained,natural shoreline retaining pressure increased,the exploitation and utilization of marine space was not scientific enough,ecosystem and service function of coastal sea area were seriously damaged,the environmental risks caused by marine pollution could not be ignored,the modern marine industry system was not perfect,and the land and sea coordination mechanism was not sound.On this basis,from the perspective of marine space resources,land-sea coordination pollution prevention and control system,modern marine industry system and so on,suggestions were put forward to optimize the development and protection of marine land space in Shandong Province.

关 键 词：海洋国土空间 开发利用 生态环境 陆海统筹 山东省 

分 类 号：P74[天文地球—海洋科学]