上海市离退休老年人自我效能感与社会支持评定的相关性分析  

Correlation Analysis of Self-efficacy and Social Support Evaluation of Retired Elderly in Shanghai

作　　者：袁筱祺 朱乐兰 高玮[2] YUAN Xiao-qi;ZHU Yue-lan;GAO Wei(Clinical Medical College of Shanghai First College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu,China;Second Medical Affairs Department,Shanghai First People's Hospital,Shanghai 200080,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属上海一院临床医学院,江苏南京211166 [2]上海市第一人民医院医务二处,上海200080

出　　处：《医学信息》2021年第6期146-149,共4页Journal of Medical Information

基　　金：上海交通大学中国医院发展研究院医院管理建设项目(编号:CHDI-2019-B-14)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市离退休老年人基本情况,探讨其与自我效能感、社会支持的相关性。方法采用随机抽样法,于2020年4月~6月选取上海市某三甲医院体检且符合条件的266名离退休老年人进行一般情况、自我效能感量表和社会支持评定量表的问卷调查。结果离退休老年人的自我效能感(GSES)总分是(26.70±0.33)分,社会支持总得分为(36.10±5.77)分,各维度的得分由高到低依次为主观支持维度、客观支持维度、社会支持利用度。单因素ANOVA分析显示,性别、文化程度、婚姻状况与一般自我效能有关;性别与社会支持利用度有关,文化程度与社会支持利用度、社会支持总体有关;婚姻状况与客观支持有关;家族疾病史与社会支持总体有关。多因素分析显示,文化程度和性别是离退休老年人自我效能感的影响因素;文化程度、家族疾病史是社会支持总体的影响因素。相关性分析显示,年龄与社会支持总分、主观支持呈负相关(r=-0.148、-0.182,P<0.05);性别与自我效能感、客观支持呈负相关(r=-0.199、-0.133,P<0.05);文化程度与自我效能感、客观支持、主观支持、社会支持利用度、社会支持总分呈正相关(r=0.255、0.161、0.232、0.131、0.267,P<0.05);婚姻状况与客观支持呈负相关(r=-0.186,P<0.05);子女数与主观支持呈负相关(r=-0.150,P<0.05);平均月收入与自我效能感呈正相关(r=0.026,P<0.05),与社会支持各维度无相关性(P>0.05)。结论上海市离退休老年人的自我效能感和社会支持有待提高,应重点关注主观支持方面。充分调动上海市老年人的社会资源支持力度,以提高其自我效能感和主观幸福感。Objective To understand the basic situation of retired elderly people in Shanghai,and to explore its correlation with self-efficacy and social support.Methods A random sampling method was adopted.From April to June 2020,266 retired elderly people who were eligible for physical examination in a tertiary hospital in Shanghai were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey of general conditions,self-efficacy scale and social support rating scale.Results The total score of self-efficacy(GSES)of retired elderly was(26.7±0.33)points,and the total score of social support was(36.10±5.77)points.The scores of each dimension were from high to low in order of subjective support dimension,objective support dimension,and social support utilization.Single-factor ANOVA analysis showed that gender,education level,and marital status were related to general self-efficacy;gender was related to the utilization of social support,and education level was related to the utilization of social support and the overall social support;Marital status was related to objective support;family disease history was related to social support in general.Multi-factor analysis showed that education level and gender were the influencing factors of self-efficacy of retired elderly;education level and family disease history were the overall influencing factors of social support.Correlation analysis showed that age was negatively correlated with the total score of social support and subjective support(r=-0.148,-0.182,P<0.05);Gender was negatively correlated with self-efficacy and objective support(r=-0.199,-0.133,P<0.05);Education level was positively correlated with self-efficacy,objective support,subjective support,utilization of social support,and total score of social support(r=0.255,0.161,0.232,0.131,0.267,P<0.05);Marital status was negatively correlated with objective support(r=-0.186,P<0.05);The number of children was negatively correlated with subjective support(r=-0.150,P<0.05);Average monthly income was positively correlated with self-efficacy(r

关 键 词：离退休 自我效能感 社会支持 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]