生物基多糖类阻燃改性剂的研究进展  

Research Progress on Flame Retardant Modification and Charring of Biomaterials

作　　者：吴宁晶[1,2] 马小兵 于基航 牛富堃 刘鹏博 WU Ningjing;MA Xiaobing;YU Jihang;NIU Fukun;LIU Pengbo(College of Polymer Science and Engineering,Ministry of Education,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China;Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics,Ministry of Education,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学高分子科学与工程学院,山东青岛266042 [2]青岛科技大学橡塑材料与工程教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《青岛科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期85-89,共5页Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2017GGX20135);国家自然科学基金项目(21104038).

摘　　要：近年来,随着石油资源的日渐短缺以及对材料可持续发展的战略要求,以纤维素、壳聚糖等为代表的可降解生物材料,其大分子具有多羟基结构,在燃烧时具有较高的成炭率,因此利用阻燃改性的生物基材料替代石油基阻燃剂和炭源具有潜在的发展前景。主要介绍了多糖类生物材料在阻燃方面的化学改性或物理复合方法,通过对纤维素、壳聚糖、淀粉、海藻酸盐和环糊精等生物材料的阻燃改性,以赋予改性材料较高的阻燃性和成炭效率。In recent years,with the increasing shortage of petrochemical resources and the strategic requirements for the sustainable development of materials,biodegradable biomaterials such as cellulose and chitosan have high char residue yield during combustion because of their polyhydroxyl structure.Therefore,there is a potential development prospect to use bio-based flame retardants and char-forming agents as alternative to petroleum-based flame retardants and carbon sources.This paper mainly introduces the chemical modification and physical blending composite methods of polysaccharide biomaterials,such as the flame retarded modification of cellulose,chitosan,starch,lignin,alginate and cyclodextrin,in order to endow the modified biomaterials with higher flame retardancy and charring efficiency.

关 键 词：生物基材料 成炭 阻燃改性剂 

分 类 号：O636[理学—高分子化学]