从风化壳淋积型稀土矿除杂渣中酸浸稀土和铝  

Leaching of Rare Earths and Aluminum From Purification Slag of Weathered Crust Elution-deposited Rare Earth Ore Using Hydrochloric Acid

作　　者：何正艳[1] 林展同 左琴 周洁 聂文蕊 常丽嘉 徐志高[1] 池汝安 HE Zhengyan;LIN Zhantong;ZUO Qin;ZHOU Jie;NIE Wenrui;CHANG Lijia;XU Zhigao;CHI Ru’an(Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education,South-central University for Nationalities,Wuhan 430074,China;Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学催化材料科学国家民委教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]武汉工程大学绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2021年第2期116-119,共4页Hydrometallurgy of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51704339,51734001);中南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CZP20011,CZP19002,YZZ16002,CZQ19016)。

摘　　要：研究了用盐酸从风化壳淋积型稀土矿除杂渣中浸出稀土和铝,考察了盐酸浓度、温度、液固体积质量比和浸出时间对稀土、铝及杂质离子浸出率的影响。结果表明:在盐酸浓度1 mol/L、液固体积质量比10/1、温度40℃条件下浸出30 min,镧、钇、铝浸出率分别为85%、66%和48%,杂质离子铁、钾、镁浸出率均较低;酸浸液用100 g/L碳酸氢铵溶液调pH分步沉淀铝和稀土,铝和稀土最终回收率分别为46%和75%。采用该工艺可实现二次资源综合回收,有较好经济效益。Leaching of rare earth and aluminum from purification slag of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore using hydrochloric acid were studied.The effects of hydrochloric acid concentration,leaching temperature,liquid volume/solid mass and leaching time on leaching rate of rare earth,aluminum and impurities were examined.The results show that under the conditions of hydrochloric acid concentration of 1 mol/L,liquid volume/solid mass of 10/1,leaching temperature of 40℃and leaching time of 30 min,the leaching rates of lanthanum,yttrium and aluminum are 85%,66%and 48%,respectively,and the leaching rates of impurities ions,such as iron,potassium and magnesium,are 11%,3%and 7%,respectively.Aluminum and rare earths can be precipitated stepwise by adding 100 g/L ammonium bicarbonate solution to the acidic leaching solution and controlling the solution pH.The final recovery of aluminum and rare earths reach 46%and 75%,respectively.The process can realize comprehensive recovery of valuable metals.

关 键 词：风化壳淋积型稀土矿 除杂渣 盐酸 浸出 稀土 铝 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF845