污泥中温厌氧消化最佳温度及改善机理分析  

Optimal Reaction Temperature in Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge and Its Promotion Mechanism

作　　者：李金河 张波涛 刘宝玉[1,2] 潘越齐 张振旺 轩兴歧 刘圣[1,2] 张亚雄 王晓阳[1] LI Jin-he;ZHANG Bo-tao;LIU Bao-yu;PAN Yue-qi;ZHANG Zhen-wang;XUAN Xing-qi;LIU Sheng;ZHANG Ya-xiong;WANG Xiao-yang(Tianjin Capital Environmental Protection Group Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300381,China;Tianjin Caring Technology Development Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300000,China)

机构地区：[1]天津创业环保集团股份有限公司,天津300381 [2]天津凯英科技发展股份有限公司,天津300000

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2021年第3期9-15,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：住房和城乡建设部重大科技攻关和能力建设项目(2020-Z-001);天津创业环保集团股份有限公司科研项目。

摘　　要：我国市政污泥的中温厌氧消化普遍存在有机物降解率低、消化速率慢及沼气产量少等不足。为改善这种现状,基于天津某污泥处理设施的泥质和运行工况,通过小试、中试和生产性试验,考察了反应温度对污泥消化过程中产气量的影响,并对提高温度促进厌氧消化的机理进行了分析。结果表明,在40℃和45℃下生物产甲烷势(BMP)较35℃分别提高了28.4%和37.5%;在200 L中试水平上,稳定期40℃日均产气量比35℃增加25.5%,两种温度下沼气中的甲烷含量基本相当;生产罐反应温度升至40℃后,绝干有机物产甲烷量较往年同期提升近40%。40℃下污泥厌氧消化的溶解速率、水解速率和酸化速率分别较35℃提高73.3%、50.0%和34.7%,为后续的甲烷化提供了充足的底物。没有接受过温度驯化的污泥,40℃和35℃的甲烷生成速率几乎相当,而对于经过40℃驯化半年的污泥而言,不仅甲烷生成速率比35℃快20.5%,而且甲烷产量高12.2%。与其他厌氧消化改良工艺相比,该方法低廉、绿色与高效,具有推广应用价值。Mesophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge in China is hindered by low organic dry solids degradation efficiency,slow fermenting rate and restricted methanogenic production.In order to improve this situation,the impact of reaction temperature on methane(CH4)generation of anaerobic digestion based on a sludge treatment plan in Tianjin was assessed through lab-scale,pilotscale and full-scale test.Also,the promotion mechanism of anaerobic CH4 production was investigated.The biochemical methane potential(BMP)at 40℃and 45℃increased by 28.4%and 37.5%respectively,compared with that at 35℃.The average CH4 generation in the experimental digester at 40℃was 25.5%higher than that in the control digester at 35℃during stabe period on 200-litre scale,and the methane content in biogas was equivalent at the two temperatures.After the reaction temperature of manufacturing digesters was adjusted from 35℃to 40℃,an approximate 40%increase of CH4 yield(expressed as cumulative CH4 volume per volatile solid mass fed)was observed according to the running records of previous years.The mechanisms investigation for improved CH4 generation showed that the rates of solubilization,hydrolysis and acidification of waste activated sludge at 40℃were accelerated by73.3%,50.0%and 34.7%respectively than those at 35℃,which was beneficial to providing more substrates for subsequent CH4 generation.It was found that the methanation process at 40℃was almost the same as that at 35℃for undomesticated activated sludge.For domesticated activated sludge at 40℃lasted for half a year,it caused 20.5%higher of the methanogenesis rate and 12.2%higher of CH4 generation compared with the data at 35℃.As a more economical,environmental and efficient process,this approach possesses value of promotion and application.

关 键 词：污泥 厌氧消化 反应温度 产气量 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]