规模化羊场冬季羊舍外围护内表面温度的分布规律  

Distribution of inner surface temperature of house enclosure structures on large-scale sheep farms in winter

作　　者：赵寿培 卢冬梅 李雪梅[1] 郭伟婷 王超 赵娟娟 车大璐 王红 高玉红[1] ZHAO Shoupei;LU Dongmei;LI Xuemei;GUO Weiting;WANG Chao;ZHAO Juanjuan;CHE Dalu;WANG Hong;GAO Yuhong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Animal Quarantine Team of Baoding City,Baoding 071001,China;Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Station of Shijiazhuang City,Shijiazhuang 050031,China;General Station of Animal Husbandry of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050035,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071001 [2]保定市动物检疫队,河北保定071001 [3]石家庄市畜牧技术推广站,河北石家庄050031 [4]河北省畜牧总站,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2021年第3期34-39,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队建设专项(HBCT2018140205);河北省重点研发计划项目(20326612D)。

摘　　要：旨在研究河北省规模化羊场冬季羊舍外围护内表面温度的分布规律。选择规模化羊场的6栋羊舍,采用定点定时的检测方法,分别于早、午、晚对各舍外围护内表面(屋顶2个坡、墙4个侧面和地面料道两侧)温度及舍内温湿度进行检测。结果表明,外围护结构内表面温度与舍内环境温度呈显著的线性正相关关系(P<0.01,r=0.94),回归方程为y=0.931x+0.5697。不同时间段和不同外围护部位的内表面温度均表现出显著性差异(P<0.01),且时段与部位存在交互效应(P<0.01)。3个时段中,早上外围护结构均温最低(P<0.01),仅-4.93~-1.03℃,尤其是屋顶,早午温差值显著高于墙体和地面(P<0.05),需加强早上羊舍的保温。研究也表明,羊舍类型、建筑材料和朝向均影响外围护内表面温度,有窗舍外围护内表面均温显著高于敞棚舍(P<0.01),复合彩钢板屋顶舍的外围护内表面均温显著高于单层彩钢舍(P<0.01),尤其是舍北侧结构(北侧地面、北坡顶和北墙)内表面温度均显著高于单彩钢舍(P<0.05)。另外,南北朝向舍的两坡屋顶温度差异显著(P<0.05),而东西朝向两坡屋顶温度未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05),建议冀中南地区羊舍宜东西朝向,但应注意外围护整体结构的保温隔热性。该结果可为羊舍的环境改善及标准化设计提供依据。This paper was to study the distribution of the inner surface temperature of enclosure structures on large-scale sheep farms in winter in the Hebei area.Six sheep houses on some large-scale sheep farms were selected in this study.The fixed-point and fixed-time method was used to detect the inner surface temperature of house enclosure,including two slopes on the roof,four sides on the wall,and both sides of the feeding corridor,in the morning,at noon,and in the evening;the indoor temperature and humidity were also measured.The results showed that there was a linear positive correlation(P<0.01,r=0.94)between the inner surface temperature of the enclosure and the indoor temperature,and the regression equation was y=0.931x+0.5697.The inner surface temperature demonstrated a difference(P<0.01)in different periods of time or at different parts of the enclosures,and there was an interactional effect(P<0.01)between the two variables.Of the three periods of times,the temperature of the enclosure in the morning was the lowest(P<0.01),ranging from-4.93 to-1.03℃.Particularly,the difference between the temperature on the roof in the morning and at noon was greater(P<0.05)than that on the wall or the floor.It was suggested that the house insulation in the morning should be strengthened.The results also showed that the house style,building material and orientation had effect on the inner surface temperature of the enclosure.The average temperature on the inner surface of the enclosure of the house with windows was higher than that of the open house(P<0.01).The average temperature of the enclosure of the house with composite colorful steel roof was higher than that of the house with a single-layer steel roof(P<0.01);especially,the low temperature on north side of the house(on north floor,north slope of the roof and on north wall)(P<0.05).In addition,the temperature difference between the two slopes of the roof in the south-north house was significant(P<0.05),while the different in the east-west house was not significant(P>0.05

关 键 词：羊舍 外围护结构 温度 环境 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]