黄河三角洲湿地表层土壤磷形态分布特征  

Surface soil distribution of phosphorus fractions in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：崔圆 张振明[1] 王晨[1] 马梓文 罗芳丽[1] 张明祥 CUI Yuan;ZHANG Zhenming;WANG Chen;MA Ziwen;LUO Fangli;ZHANG Mingxiang(The Key Labornlory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grssland Adminitaion,School of Eeology and Nature Conscrvation.Beijing Forestry Universily,100083,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院黄河流域生态保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期59-68,共10页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0505903)。

摘　　要：2016年10月采集了黄河三角洲典型湿地的表层土壤,并采用SMT(standard measurements testing program)法分别提取了土壤中的TP(total phosphorus)、IP(inorganic phosphorus)、OP(organic phosphorus)、Fe/Al-P(Fe/Al-bound phosphorus)以及Ca-P(Ca-bound phosphorus).结果表明,土壤中TP的平均质量分数为581.02 mg·kg^(-1),高于第2次全国土壤普查中土壤TP的平均质量分数.各形态磷质量分数分布从大到小依次为IP、Ca-P、OP、Fe/Al-P,IP约占TP总量的86.98%,是黄河三角洲含量最高的磷形态,而Ca-P则是IP的主要组分,约占IP的85.30%.各形态磷含量在黄河三角洲的分布具有较高的空间异质性,特别是OP和Fe/Al-P,变异系数分别达到了40.20%、39.41%.总的来说,距离黄河比较近的样点土壤中TP和IP含量都较低,有植被分布样点的土壤中OP含量较高.相关性研究表明,TP、IP均与土壤含水量呈现显著的负相关关系,OP与土壤碳质量分数(w(C)/w(P)、w(TOC)、w(TIC))呈现显著的正相关关系,Fe/Al-P和地形因子SOS呈现显著的正相关关系.主成分分析(PCA)也表明IP更容易受到湿地理化性质的影响,而OP和湿地土壤营养水平有很大关系.Phosphorus(P)is an important nutrient for organisms and plays an essential role in regulating primary production in estuarine and marine environments.To investigate spatial distribution of phosphorus fractions and influencing factors in surface soils in the Yellow River Delta wetlands,surface soil samples in typical wetlands were collected in October 2016.TP,IP,OP,Fe/Al-P and Ca-P were extracted by Standard Measurements Testing Program of European Union(SMT).Average content of surface soil TP in the Yellow River Delta was found to be581.02 mg·kg-1,higher than that found in the second national soil survey.The contents of various fractions of phosphorus in surface soils followed the sequence of IP,Ca-P,OP,Fe/Al-P.The content of IP was the highest and accounted for 86.98%of TP.Ca-P was the main fraction of IP,accounting for about 85.30%of IP.The distribution of phosphorus in different fractions showed high spatial heterogeneity.Soils near the Yellow River generally had lower TP and IP content,soils with vegetation showed higher OP.Correlation analysis revealed significant negative TP and IP correlations with WC,significant positive OP correlations with soil carbon(w(C)/w(P),w(TOC)and w(TIC)),and significant positive Fe/Al-P correlations with terrain factor SOS(P<0.05).Principal component analysis(PCA)indicated that IP was more related to physicochemical properties of wetlands,while OP was largely related to nutrient level of wetland soil.

关 键 词：磷形态 影响因素 湿地土壤 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X144