基于刷卡数据和GPS数据的公交客流特征分析方法  

Public Transport Passenger Flow Characteristics Based on Card Data and GPS Data

作　　者：代位 DAI Wei(Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司,上海200092

出　　处：《交通与运输》2021年第2期74-78,共5页Traffic & Transportation

摘　　要：为准确并快速分析城市公交客流特征,提供城市公交专项规划编制的基础数据资料,提出一种采用公交刷卡数据和GPS数据分析公交客流特征的方法。首先,全面总结公交客流数据处理方法和流程,包括客流时间特征、空间特征和公交运营特征;其次,针对实际可能出现的数据缺失情况和传统方法局限性,通过上车站点判断引入时间临近规则、下车站点判断设计了考虑出行链和站序约束的数据融合算法,改进上下车站点判断过程;最后,以三明市公交客流数据处理为例,该城市公交人均出行次数为2.5次,工作日形成4个高峰时段,得到具体的公交客流OD分布,计算部分线路断面客流量,并指导公交规划方案调整。In order to analyze the characteristics of urban bus passenger flow and provide the basic data compiled by the special planning of urban public transport accurately and rapidly,this paper proposes a method to analyze the characteristics of bus passenger flow by using bus card data and GPS data.Firstly,this paper summarizes the data processing methods and processes of bus passenger flow,including passenger flow time characteristics,spatial characteristics and bus operation characteristics.Secondly,in view of the actual data loss and limitations of traditional methods,designs the data fusion algorithm to consider the travel chain and station order constraints by judging the introduction of time proximity rules through the station point judgment,and the data fusion algorithm to consider the travel chain and station order constraints,and improves the process of the on-drop station judgment.Finally,taking Sanming City bus passenger flow data processing as an example,the city's bus per capita travel times is 2.5,the weekday travel formed 4 peak hours,get the specific bus passenger flow od distribution,calculate part of the line section passenger flow,and guide the adjustment of public transport planning program.

关 键 词：公交规划 公交客流特征 大数据分析 刷卡数据 GPS数据 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]