19世纪后半叶英国工厂立法的演进  

The Evolution of British Factory Legislations in the Second Half of the 19th Century

作　　者：刘金源 Liu Jinyuan

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2021年第3期11-20,64,共11页History Teaching

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“20世纪以来英国劳资关系史”(项目批准号:15AZD041)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：19世纪后半叶,英国已进入繁荣富足的工业化社会,而创造工业财富的工人阶级,其恶劣而悲惨的生产与生活状况令人触目惊心,由此引发社会各界的普遍关注。自19世纪60年代起,英国政府陆续出台多部工厂立法。至19世纪末,这些法案从范围上实现了对几乎所有行业、所有工种的覆盖,从内容上涵盖到与生产相关的各个方面,从监管与执行上实现了中央与地方的合作。一系列工厂法的颁布与推行,实现了雇佣关系的规范化,减少了劳资争议的发生,促进了劳资关系的相对缓和。In the second half of the 19th century,Britain has entered a prosperous and affluent industrialized society,and the working class,who created industrial wealth,has an appalling and tragic working and living conditions,which has aroused widespread concern from all social communities.Since the 1860s,British government has introduced a series of factory acts.By the end of the 19th century,these acts had covered almost all industries and all types of laborers in terms of scope,covered all aspects related to production in terms of content,and realized the cooperation between the central and local governments in terms of supervision and implementation.The promulgation and implementation of a series of factory legislations had realized the standardization of employment relations,reduced the occurrence of labor disputes,and promoted the relative relaxation of labor relations.

关 键 词：工厂法 英国 19世纪 劳资关系 

分 类 号：K14[历史地理—历史学]