教父时代科学思想传承何以可能?——基于文献的考量  

How Is It Possible for Scientific Conception in Godfather Era?——In the perspective of literature

作　　者：安维复 AN Wei-fu(Marxism School,Shanghai JiaoTong University)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《科学与社会》2021年第1期137-151,共15页Science and Society

基　　金：2014年国家哲学社会科学重大项目“西方科学思想多语种经典文献编目及研究”(14ZDB019)。

摘　　要：西欧中世纪早期“教父时代”是否中断了古希腊科学思想的文脉?本文专注于奥古斯丁在传承“七艺”上的三点重要作为:其一,破除至少是削弱了占星术对天文学的冲击,试图维护天文学的数理科学性;其二,破除“艺术即模仿”的成见,论证了艺术也是理性知识的判断,从而坚守“七艺”作为理性知识的统一;其三,开启用“七艺”论证“三位一体”等神学疑难的先河,确立“七艺”在基督教信念中应有的学术地位。这些论证都不悖于信仰高于理性的基本思想准则。本文至少有两个推论:其一,“七艺”作为科学思想从古希腊形成体统,即使在黑暗世纪的教父奥古斯丁仍在滋养守护,T.库恩所说的“范式”具有不可通约性值得怀疑;其二,“七艺”作为推证理性涵养西方科学千年不止,李约瑟难题或可能需要重新思考。Is there an interrupt of academic development in scientific conception from ancient Greco-Roman to early middle age or the godfather era?The paper concentrates on Saint Augustine 3 reflections on inheritance of seven liberal arts:Firstly abolishing even weakening impact of astrology up astronomy for maintaining the astronomy as mathematical science;secondly abolishing the of prejudice of arts as imitation with demonstrating the judgment of arts as rational knowledge,thirdly opening a new way demonstrating Trinity with seven liberal arts,insuring the required role of the arts in the Christian faith.But these demonstrations have nothing to do with Faith is superior to reason.So the paper at least has two important conclusions:Firstly as scientific traditions from ancient Grace seven liberal arts were maintained and nourished by Saint Augustine,so it is questionable to be incommensurability of paradigm for Thomas Kuhn,Secondly,as demonstrative rationality seven liberal arts had nourishing western science for more than Millennium,so it is to need rethink on Needham Problem.

关 键 词：奥古斯丁 “七艺” 科学思想 科学革命 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]