灵魂歌手法拉奇——从小说《战争中的佩内洛普》谈起  

Soul Singer Fallaci--Starting with Her First Novel Penelope at War

作　　者：徐岱[1] 王丹[2] Xu Dai;Wang Dan(College of Media and International Culture,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310012)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学 [2]浙江大学传媒与国际文化学院,杭州310012

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2021年第4期130-138,F0003,共10页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：作为全球新闻界一代女皇的奥里亚娜·法拉奇(Oriana Fallaci),关于其文学成就的评价一直存在争议,但其实无可置疑:一本基于事实而震撼人心的《男人》,就足以让“法拉奇”这个名字在当代世界文学史上占据一个重要位置。这部作品所具有的一种别开生面的经典性向我们提出这样一个问题:究竟应如何认识“法拉奇小说”独具一格的艺术特色?沿着其文学创作轨迹做出把握无疑是一条路径,而从其迄今尚未有中译本的小说处女作《战争中的佩内洛普》入手,与之后的成名作《给一个未出生孩子的信》和代表作《男人》进行对照分析,则是一种有效的尝试。通过梳理作家法拉奇在这三部小说中完成的从“成型”到“成熟”的基本轨迹,我们不难发现,可以从三个方面对法拉奇的小说美学加以概括,这就是“基于事实的虚构”“对话体中的叙事”和“小题大做的视野”。事实表明,正是借助这三个方面,法拉奇的文学想象力和审美创造性得到充分释放,她在巧妙地处理好“自传”与“虚构”关系的基础上,不仅创作出了一种游走于“新闻报道”与“小说叙事”之间的“超越文学的文学杰作”,而且向世人示范了一种叩问灵魂的生命写作。在一个虚无主义幽灵四处出没的世纪,这样的写作弥足珍贵。As the queen of the global press,Oriana Fallaci’s literary achievements have always been controversial,but in fact,it is no doubt that the novel A Man is enough to make“Fallaci”occupy an important position in the history of contemporary world literature.The uniqueness of this novel asks us such a question:How should we know the unique artistic features of“Fallaci’s novels”?It is an effective way to answer this question by starting with her first novel Penelope at War,which has not yet been translated into Chinese,and make a comparative analysis with her later novel Letter to a Child Never Born and her masterpiece A Man.By tracing her track from“Starting to take shape”to“becoming maturity”in these three novels,we can easily find that the aesthetics of Fallaci’s novel can be summarized from three aspects,namely“Creating based on facts”,“Narrating in dialogue”and“seeing big things through small ones”.Fallaci’s literary imagination and aesthetic creativity are fully released through these aspects.On the basis of skillfully handling the relationship between“autobiography”and“fiction”,she not only creates a“literary masterpiece beyond literature”that is wandering between“news report”and“novel narrative”,but also exemplifies a kind of writing that is devoted to life.Such writing is precious in a century when the nihilistic ghost is wandering everywhere.

关 键 词：法拉奇小说 本真伦理 对话体叙事 生命写作 

分 类 号：I546.074[文学—其他各国文学]