基于日雨量指标的皖北60 a农田旱涝规律分析  

Analysis of drought and flood regularity of farmland in Northern Anhui Province in the past 60 years based on daily rainfall index

作　　者：汪付华[1] 周后福[2,3] 董平安 王苏瑶[1] 张永芹 孙金贺[1] WANG Fu-hua;ZHOU Hou-fu;DONG Ping-an;WANG Su-yao;ZHANG Yong-qin;SUN Jin-he(Huaibei Meteorological Bureau of Anhui Province,Huaibei 235037,China;Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;Anhui Province Key Lab of Atmospheric Sciences and Satellite Remote Sensing,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省淮北市气象局,安徽淮北235037 [2]安徽省气象科学研究所,安徽合肥230031 [3]大气科学与卫星遥感安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《环境生态学》2021年第3期46-53,共8页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：安徽省公益性研究联动计划项目(1604f0804002);淮北市气象发展研究基金(202002)资助。

摘　　要：选取皖北中东部11市县国家气象观测站1960—2019年共60 a的逐日降水量观测资料,分别采用GB/T 32752—2016《农田渍涝气象等级》和补充完善后的SL 424—2008《旱情等级标准》中基于日降雨量的农田渍涝和干旱等级判别指标,分析研究该地区近60 a农田旱涝发生频率及变化特征。结果表明:1)皖北中东部地区平均有2/3以上的时间处于不同级别的干旱状态,区域性干旱时间占46.7%,冬夏秋春各季节的区域性干旱时间比分别为58.7%、47.3%、41.8%和38.8%;2)该区域平均每年有7.3 d出现不同等级的渍涝灾害,特大涝只出现在夏季,其他级别的渍涝80%以上出现在夏季,冬季无渍涝;3)近60 a旱涝区域交织出现35次,时间交织出现42次,旱涝急转32次;4)采用两种标准评价皖北中东部地区的旱涝特征,结果与实际基本吻合,可为该地区制定农业规划和应对未来气候变化提供科学依据,为该区域旱涝监测预警提供借鉴。Selecting the daily precipitation observation data from 1960 to 2019 in 11 cities in the central and eastern part of Northern Anhui Province,by using the indexes of farmland waterlogging and drought grades based on daily rainfall in GB/T 32752—2016 and SL 424—2008,the frequency and variation characteristics of farmland drought and flood in the past 60 years was analyzed.The results show that more than 2/3 of the time in this area was in different levels of drought.The regional drought time accounted for 46.7%.The proportion of winter,summer,autumn and spring were 58.7%,47.3%,41.8%and 38.8%.There are 7.3 days of waterlogging in this area every year.Extreme floods occur only in summer.More than 80%of the other waterlogging occurred in summer.No waterlogging in winter.In the past 60 years there were 35 times of regional drought-flood interweave,42 times of time drought-flood interweave and 32 times of drought-flood abrupt alternatio.Using GB/T 32752—2016 and SL 424—2008 to evaluate the drought and flood characteristics in the area is basically consistent with the actual situation.The results can provide scientific basis for the development of agricultural planning and future climate change in the region.It can be used as a reference for drought and flood monitoring and early warning in this region.

关 键 词：日降雨量 干旱 渍涝 农田 旱涝交织 旱涝急转 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]