五相永磁同步电机开路故障诊断  

Diagnosis of Open-Phase Fault of Five-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

作　　者：李添幸 马瑞卿[1] 赵犇[1] 杨伟舟 彭家勇[1] LI Tianxing;MA Ruiqing;ZHAO Ben;YANG Weizhou;PENG Jiayong(School of Automation,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学自动化学院,西安710129

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2021年第4期39-51,共13页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51807164)。

摘　　要：针对五相永磁电机的单相(双相)开路故障,提出一种新的故障诊断策略。首先,分析了开路故障发生前、后逆变器端电压的输出特性,得到15种故障状态和正常状态下基波电流在α-β子空间的表达式。正常状态下基波电流在α-β子空间中的轨迹为圆形,而在故障状态为椭圆型,因此可以根据转子转过5个扇区时间内电流轨迹到α-β子空间原点距离的变化率来判定是否发生开路故障。其次,根据不同故障状态下逆变器端电压的输出特性,得到15种开路故障状态下三次谐波电流在基波旋转坐标系的轨迹分布特点。通过对比可知,在不同开路故障下,三次谐波电流轨迹分布的差异性很大,因此可以将轨迹分布特点作为故障定位的依据。在此基础上,分析了电机转速、负载转矩对三次谐波电流轨迹的影响。最后,采用以数字信号处理器为核心搭建的实验平台对所提出的故障诊断策略进行了验证。实验结果表明本文所述故障诊断策略在稳态和动态情况下均可以快速实现故障的判定与定位。A new fault diagnosis strategy is proposed for the single-phase(two-phase)open-circuit faults of the five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors(FP-PMSM).Firstly,the output characteristics of the inverter terminal voltage before and after the open-circuit fault are analyzed,and the expressions of the fundamental wave current in theα-βsubspace under 15 fault states and normal state are obtained.The trajectory of the fundamental wave current in theα-βsubspace is circular in normal state and elliptic in fault states.Therefore,an open-circuit fault can be determined according to the change rate of the distance between the current trajectory and the origin ofα-βsubspace within the time when the rotor rotates through five sectors.Secondly,according to the output characteristics of the inverter terminal voltage under different fault states,the trajectory distribution characteristics of the third-order harmonic current in the fundamental rotating coordinate system under 15 open-circuit fault states are obtained.By comparison,it can be seen that the trajectory distribution characteristics of the third-order harmonic current under different open-circuit faults are very different,so that the trajectory distribution characteristics can be used as the basis for fault location.Thirdly,the influence of motor speed and load torque on the trajectory of the third-order harmonic current is analyzed.Finally,an experimental platform built with DSP as the core is used to verify the proposed fault diagnosis strategy.Experimental results show that this fault diagnosis strategy quickly determines and locates faults in both steady state and dynamic conditions.

关 键 词：五相永磁同步电机 开路故障 三次谐波电流 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]