NaOH/urea预处理对棉纤维乙酰化的影响  

Effect of NaOH/urea pretreatment on acetylation of cotton

作　　者：罗玉成 荣鹏 马腾 刘宵 刘婧瑜 郜丽霞 王美蓉 史晟 LUO Yu-cheng;RONG Peng;MA Teng;LIU Xiao;LIU Jing-yu;GAO Li-xia;WANG Mei-rong;SHI Sheng(China Textile Industry Enterprise Management Association,Beijing 100020,China;College of Textile Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Jinzhong 030600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国纺织工业企业管理协会,北京100020 [2]太原理工大学轻纺工程学院,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《应用化工》2021年第3期630-635,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51703153)。

摘　　要：以废旧棉纤维为原料,对其用NaOH/urea水溶液进行预处理,探讨了NaOH/urea预处理对棉纤维乙酰化的影响规律。NaOH/urea水溶液可使棉纤维表面发生显著变化,表面粗糙,呈絮状;使纤维素晶型发生变化,并且结晶度下降。研究分析表明,与原棉的乙酰化相比,经过NaOH/urea预处理后的棉纤维乙酰化时间更短,产量增多,取代度也明显提高。制备的醋酸纤维素与市售醋酸纤维素的各项性能接近,具有优异的应用价值。最利于棉纤维乙酰化的预处理条件为:反应温度为-15℃,NaOH/urea(质量分数)为7∶12,固液比为2∶50 g/mL。以醋酸纤维素为原料,氧化锌为改性剂,静电纺丝的醋酸纤维膜在紫外灯光照24 h后,亚甲基蓝溶液颜色的降解率均可达到99%以上,达到自清洁目的。Using waste cotton fiber as raw material,the pretreatment with NaOH/urea aqueous solution was carried out,and the effect of NaOH/urea pretreatment on the acetylation of cotton fiber was discussed.NaOH/urea aqueous solution could significantly change the surface of cotton fiber,with rough and flocculent surface.The crystallinity of cellulose decreased and the crystallinity changed.The results showed that compared with the acetylation of raw cotton,the acetylation time of cotton fiber after NaOH/urea pretreatment was shorter,the yield increased and the degree of substitution significantly increased.The properties of the cellulose acetate prepared are close to those of the commercially available cellulose acetate.The pretreatment conditions most conducive to the acetylation of cotton fiber were the reaction temperature of-15℃,the NaOH∶urea(mass fraction)of 7∶12,and the solid-liquid ratio of 2∶50 g/mL.Moreover,cellulose acetate was used as the raw material,ZnO as the modifier,and the degradation rate of methylene blue solution could reach more than 99%after 24 h of ultraviolet light.

关 键 词：废旧棉纤维 NaOH/urea预处理 乙酰化 

分 类 号：TQ314.1[化学工程—高聚物工业]