不同肥液含量下宽垄沟灌硝态氮和铵态氮运移试验与模拟  

Experiment and Simulation of Nitrate and Ammonium Nitrogen Transport under Wide Ridge and Furrow Irrigation with Different Fertilizer Content

作　　者：汪顺生 燕永芳 陈春来 寇建辉 郝丽[3] WANG Shunsheng;YAN Yongfang;CHEN Chunlai;KOU Jianhui;HAO Li(Department of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Huaiyin District Water Policy Supervision Brigade,Huaian 210000,China;Huaiyin District Water Authority,Huaian 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450046 [2]淮安市淮阴区水政监察大队,江苏淮安210000 [3]淮安市淮阴区水利局,江苏淮安210000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2021年第3期81-90,共10页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52079051,51779093);河南省科技攻关项目(182102310049)。

摘　　要：为探明宽垄沟灌硝态氮和铵态氮的分布规律及不同肥液含量对氮素含量的影响,采用试验研究、理论分析以及数值模拟相结合的方法,利用HYDRUS-2D软件模拟3种不同肥液含量下(300、600、900 mg/L)氮素运移,分析硝态氮和铵态氮在不同肥液含量下的分布规律。结果表明:硝态氮和铵态氮在不同肥液含量下的入渗阶段具有相同变化趋势,随着肥液含量由300 mg/L增至900 mg/L,硝态氮和铵态氮的分布范围均随着肥液入渗过程进行不断扩大,距灌水沟由近到远,硝态氮和铵态氮含量均逐渐降低;硝态氮含量在距沟中心D点50~60 cm处趋于本底值29.3 mg/kg,铵态氮含量在距沟中心D点20~40 cm处趋于本底值7.7 mg/kg,说明铵态氮比硝态氮在运移过程中随着距离的增加消减速率更快,吸附作用对铵态氮含量的影响更显著;所运用的HYDRUS-2D软件在模拟氮素运移及分布方面具有较好的结果,为研究宽垄沟灌氮素运移以及合理施肥提供科学依据。In order to explore the distribution of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in broad ridge and furrow irrigation and the effect of different fertilizer solution contents on nitrogen content,the nitrogen transport under three different fertilizer solution contents(300,600 and 900 mg/L)was simulated by using the software of HYDRUS-2D,and the distribution of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen under different fertilizer solution contents was analyzed.The results showed that nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen had the same trend in the infiltration stage under different fertilizer liquid contents.With the increase of fertilizer liquid from 300 mg/L to 900 mg/L,the distribution range of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen increased with the process of fertilizer liquid infiltration,and the nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content decreased gradually from near to far away from the irrigation ditch;The nitrate nitrogen content tended to be 29.3 mg/kg at the distance of 50—60 cm from the center point D of irrigation ditch,and the ammonium nitrogen content tended to be 7.7 mg/kg at the distance of 20—40 cm from the center point D of irrigation ditch,which indicated that ammonium nitrogen had a faster rate of deceleration with the increase of distance than nitrate nitrogen in the process of migration,and the effect of adsorption on ammonium nitrogen content was more significant;the HYDRUS-2D software had good results in the simulation of nitrogen migration and distribution,which provided a scientific basis for the study of nitrogen migration and reasonable fertilization in wide ridge and furrow irrigation.

关 键 词：宽垄沟灌 肥液含量 HYDRUS-2D 硝态氮 铵态氮 氮素运移 

分 类 号：S275.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]