日本植保无人飞机施用农药制剂登记管理情况分析  

Review on the Registration and Management for UAV Application Pesticides in Japan

作　　者：袁会珠[1] 杨峻 林勇 闫晓静[1] 张宏军 Yuan Huizhu;Yang Jun;Lin Yong;Yan Xiaojing;Zhang Hongjun(Institute of plant protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Institute for the Control of Agrichemicals,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Institute of Environment and Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]农业农村部农药检定所,北京100125 [3]中国热带农业科学研究院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《农药科学与管理》2021年第3期3-7,11,共6页Pesticide Science and Administration

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题资助(2018YFD0201502)、(2016YFD200703)。

摘　　要：日本对植保无人飞机施用农药实行登记管理制度,并及时发布无人飞机用登记农药制剂产品相关情况。截至2020年11月,日本登记用于植保无人飞机的农药制剂产品达到了316个,包括有杀虫剂、杀菌剂、除草剂和植物生长调节剂,登记剂型有乳油、微乳剂、水乳剂、水剂、颗粒剂等,其中登记的除草剂制剂多为颗粒剂。对于乳油、水乳剂、微乳剂、水分散粒剂等对水稀释喷雾的农药制剂,日本通常采用增加施药方法的登记方式,即该产品已经获得了地面常规喷雾的登记前提下,提出增加施药方法——无人飞机低容量喷雾方式施药;对于颗粒剂、超低容量制剂等无需对水稀释的农药制剂,登记申请者可以直接申请植保无人飞机施药。对于植保无人飞机专用制剂的农药登记试验,除了药效、作物安全性等登记试验之外,还需要开展雾滴沉积分布检测。获得登记的植保无人飞机专用农药制剂,需要在农药标签中明确标注其使用信息,包括登记作物、施药剂量、喷液量或颗粒撒施量,无人飞机的飞行高度、天气条件限定及飘移风险控制等。Japan implements a registration management practice for UAV application pesticides,and releases the list of the registered pesticide formulations for UAV application timely.A total of 316 pesticide formulations have been registered for UAV application in Japan by Nov.2020,covering insecticides,fungicides,herbicides,and plant growth regulators and various formulation type like emulsifiable concentrates,micro-emulsions,water emulsions,granules,etc.,among which granules is the dominant herbicide UAV formulation.For pesticide formulations,which need to be diluted in water before application,such as emulsifiable concentrates,water emulsions,micro-emulsions and water-dispersible granules,are usually registered by extending the application method from conventional ground application to UAV application.However,direct-use products,such as granules and ultra-low volume formulations,can be applied to be registered for UAV application directly.For the registration field efficacy trials for UAV application pesticides,it is required to detect droplets deposition distribution in or near treated area.For pesticides that have obtained a registration certificate for UAV application,the application information is required to be included in the pesticide label in detail.

关 键 词：植保无人飞机 专用药剂 登记管理 农药标签 

分 类 号：S482[农业科学—农药学]