地铁开挖初期支护阶段导洞内粉尘颗粒物特性研究  

Study on tunnel particulate characteristics in the primary support process of subway construction

作　　者：吴玉鹏 周翠红[2] 王建宏[2] 冯利华[3] 王彦莹 WU Yupeng;ZHOU Cuihong;WANG Jianhong;FENG Lihua;WANG Yanying(College of Environmental&Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124;School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617;Second Engineering Company Ltd.of China Railway First Group,Tangshan Hebei 063000)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100124 [2]北京石油化工学院机械工程学院,北京102617 [3]中铁一局集团第二工程有限公司,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2021年第3期338-342,358,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：北京市属高等学校人才强教深化计划基金资助项目(No.PHR201107213)。

摘　　要：随着经济发展,地铁以其快速便捷的特点受到越来越多城市的青睐。施工过程产生的颗粒物危害也引起了从业者的重视。以北京某个在建的地铁车站为研究对象,首先对初期支护阶段导洞内污染物进行检测,然后对喷射混凝土、格栅架设、土方开挖3个工况下PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)产生及分布特性进行进一步研究。研究结果表明,喷射混凝土产生的PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)质量浓度最高,分别为17.20~28.90、25.70~31.30 mg/m^(3);喷射混凝土时PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)(质量比)最低且浮动较大;格栅架设时PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)最高,基本维持在0.9以上。隧道顶部的弧形结构容易产生气流漩涡,且粉尘容易聚集在漩涡中不易扩散。导洞内颗粒物研究和污染物测试与模拟能为地铁车站隧道施工污染物治理提供有益参考。With the development of the economy,the subway has been favored by more cities because of its convenient characteristics in recent years.The harm of particulate matter generated during the construction process has also attracted the attention of practitioners.Taking a subway station tunnel under construction in Beijing as object,the common pollutants were firstly tested in the construction area.Then the generation and distribution of PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)in the excavation of small guide tunnel were further studied.Excavation tunnel in the primary support included three working conditions(shotcrete,grid erection and earthwork excavation).The PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)concentrations generated by shotcrete were the highest,17.20-28.90 and 25.70-31.30 mg/m^(3),respectively.PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)was the lowest and fluctuated greatly during the shotcrete stage.PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)during the grid erection stage was the highest,basically maintaining above 0.9.The curved structure was prone to generate airflow vortices,and the dust tended to aggregate and accumulate in the vortex and was not easily diffused.Through the study of the tunnel particles,the test and simulation of pollutants would provided a useful reference for pollutants control in the construction tunnel of subway station.

关 键 词：地铁 颗粒物 喷射混凝土 暴露水平 FLUENT 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]