波纹龙虾胚胎对五种生态因子的适应性  

Adaptation of Five Ecological Factors in Embryo of Panulirus homarus

作　　者：罗嘉俊 程家荣 王晨芳 杨荣业 梁华芳[1] 温崇庆[1] LUO Jia-jun;CHENG Jia-rong;WANG Cheng-fang;YANG Rong-ye;LIANG Hua-fang;WEN Chong-qing(Fisheries College,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2021年第2期94-102,共9页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：广东省科技厅农业攻关项目(2013B020308009)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究波纹龙虾(Panulirus homarus)胚胎对生态因子的耐受能力,为龙虾繁殖提供数据。【方法】采用封闭静水实验方法和常规生物急性毒性实验法。在温度(30±0.5)℃,盐度30,pH(8.10±0.1)和溶解氧(DO)为(5.0±0.5)mg/L条件下,分别进行温度、盐度、pH的骤变和渐变对波纹龙虾胚胎存活影响研究;根据急性毒性预实验结果设置等对数间距浓度值,进行氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮对波纹龙虾胚胎的急性毒性实验。【结果与结论】波纹龙虾胚胎发育的温度、盐度和pH耐受范围分别为7~36℃、15~45和5.8~9.4;波纹龙虾胚胎适宜温度为15~30℃,适宜盐度为30~35,适宜pH为7.0~8.5;氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮毒性效应与浓度和暴露时间呈正相关。氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮暴露24~96 h,波纹龙虾胚胎存活率组间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。氨氮对波纹龙虾胚胎24、48、72和96 h的半致死浓度(LC_(50))分别是180.46、61.11、41.87、26.58 mg/L,安全浓度(SC)为2.66 mg/L;亚硝酸盐氮对波纹龙虾胚胎24、48、72和96 h的LC_(50)分别是839.50、423.75、214.48、135.41 mg/L,SC为13.54 mg/L。【Objectives】To study the tolerance of the embryo of Panulirus homarus to five ecological factors,and to provide data for the reproduction of Panulirus.【Methods】In this study,we used two methods,respectively-the closed hydrostatic test and the conventional biological acute toxicity test.In the condition of(30±0.5)℃of the temperature,30 of the salinity,(8.10±0.1)of pH and(5.0±0.5)mg/L of dissolved oxygen(DO),we studied the effect of abrupt and gradual changes in temperature,salinity,and pH on the survival of Panulirus homarus,respectively.Moreover,based on the preliminary experimental results,we set up with ammonium chloride and artificial seawater and erinitrit and artificial seawater for the acute ammonia-N and nitrite-N toxicity experiment on survival rate of Panulirus homarus,and the grades were designed by equal space between logarithm.【Results】The results showed that the maximum tolerance range of temperature,salinity and pH for embryonic development of Panulirus homarus were 7-36℃,15-45 and 5.8-9.4,respectively.The suitable temperature for the embryo of Panulirus homarus was 15-30℃,the suitable salinity was 30-35,and the suitable pH was 7.0-8.5.The toxic effects of ammonia-N and nitrite-N were positively correlated with the concentration and exposure time.There were significant differences in the survival rate of embryo(P<0.05)when the embryos were exposed to ammonia-N and nitrite-N for 24-96 h.The LC_(50) of ammonia-N on the Panulirus homarus at 24,48,72,96 h were 180.46,61.11,41.87,26.58 mg/L,respectively.The safe concentrations of ammonia-N was 2.66 mg/L.The LC_(50) of nitrite-N on the Panulirus homarus at 24,48,72,96 h were 839.50,423.75,214.48,135.41 mg/L,respectively.The safe concentrations of nitrite-N was 13.54 mg/L.

关 键 词：波纹龙虾 胚胎 温度 盐度 PH 氨氮 亚硝酸盐氮 

分 类 号：Q959.223.63[生物学—动物学]