藜麦种质资源的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Germplasm Resources of Quinoa

作　　者：吴文强 杨箐 陈天青 王伟 隋建枢 罗永露 何庆才[3] WU Wenqiang;YANG Jing;CHEN Tianqing;WANG Wei;SUI Jianshu;LUO Yonglu;HE Qingcai(Guizhou Institute of Upland Food Crops,Guiyang 550006,China;Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省旱粮研究所,贵阳550006 [2]贵州医科大学,贵阳550025 [3]贵州省农业科学院,贵阳550006

出　　处：《种子》2021年第2期13-19,共7页Seed

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目“藜麦种质资源创新与应用研究”(黔科合支撑[2019]2300号);贵州省科技计划项目“贵州山地优势特色杂粮研发与转化服务企业能力建设”(黔科合服企[2018]4005);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目“贵州省特色旱地粮食作物种质资源创新平台建设”(黔科中引地[2018]4003);贵州省优质特色粮食产业发展专项“藜麦良种繁育基地建设与生产示范”(黔农合特粮[2020]);贵州省农业科学院青年基金项目“特色作物藜麦种质资源的搜集、鉴定与利用”(黔农科院青年基金[2018]13号)。

摘　　要：了解藜麦种质资源的遗传多样性,为藜麦在贵州有效推广、种植、应用,并通过杂交手段创建藜麦新种质。试验以国内外收集到的96份藜麦种质作为试验群体,种植于大田,采用CTAB法提取96份材料的基因组DNA,再利用筛选出的18对多态性SSR标记对藜麦基因组相应的位点进行扩增,扩增产物用PAGE检测。结果表明,18对多态性的SSR引物,共检测出192个等位基因条带,每一对多态性SSR引物的等位基因数为3~21个,平均等位基因数为10.7个。96份藜麦材料遗传相似系数范围为0.599~0.980,平均值为0.7895。UPGMA聚类分析显示,在距离为0.752处可将96份藜麦材料分为五类。本研究中藜麦种质农艺性状方面存在着丰富的变异类型,选用的藜麦SSR标记在供试材料中具有较好的多态性,通过聚类分析可将材料按选系类型、来源地区、农艺性状等划分为不同的类群或亚类群。To understand the genetic diversity of quinoa germplasm resources,to effectively promote,plant and apply quinoa in Guizhou,and to create new quinoa germplasm by hybridization,96 quinoa germplasms collected at home and abroad were planted in the field as the experimental population.And,the total genomic DNA of 96 materials was extracted by CTAB method,then 18 pairs of polymorphic SSR markers were selected to amplify corresponding sites in these quinoa genome,and the amplified products were detected by PAGE.The results showed that a total of 192 alleles were detected with 18 polymorphic SSR primers,and the number of alleles for each pair of polymorphic SSR primers ranged from 3 to 21.The average number of allele was 10.7.Meanwhile,the genetic similarity coefficients of 96 quinoa materials ranged from 0.599 to 0.980,with an average value of 0.7895.UPGMA cluster analysis showed that 96 quinoa materials could be divided into five categories at a distance of 0.752.In this study,there were rich variation types in the agronomic traits of quinoa germplasms,and the selected SSR markers of quinoa showed good polymorphism in the tested materials.In addition,the cluster analysis showed that the materials were mainly divided into different groups or subgroups according to the selection types,sources and agronomic traits.

关 键 词：藜麦 遗传多样性 SSR 遗传相似系数 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]