2020年初疫情管控对山东省空气质量影响的模拟  

Impact of Pollutant Emission Reduction on Air Quality During the COVID-19 Pandemic Control in Early 2020 Based on RAMS-CMAQ

作　　者：刘厚凤 徐薇[1,3] 魏敏 隋潇 许鹏举[1,2] 李明燕 张美根 LIU Hou-feng;XU Wei;WEI Min;SUI Xiao;XU Peng-ju;LI Ming-yan;ZHANG Mei-gen(College of Geography and Environment,Shandong Normal University,Ji'nan 250014,China;Environmental Technology and Policy Research Center,Shandong Normal University,Ji'nan 250014,China;Institute of Groundwater and Earth Sciences,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学地理与环境学院,济南250014 [2]山东师范大学环保技术与政策研究中心,济南250014 [3]暨南大学地下水与地球科学研究院,广州510632 [4]中国科学院大气物理研究所,大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第3期1215-1227,共13页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41605113);中国博士后科学基金项目(2018M632713)。

摘　　要：利用2020年初新冠疫情对人类生产、生活的一次自然冲击及由此导致的大气污染状况变化,研究了空气质量对污染物减排及气象因素的响应关系.通过对疫情管控前(1月15~23日)和疫情控制关键期(1月24日~2月7日)这2个阶段空气质量对比分析发现,疫情期间山东省除O3浓度上升外,PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_(2)、SO_(2)及CO浓度分别降低72.6μg·m^(-3)、47.4μg·m^(-3)、25.6μg·m^(-3)、3.0μg·m^(-3)和0.5 mg·m^(-3);降幅分别为45.86%、41.24%、58.00%、17.71%和31.40%;RAMS-CMAQ模拟显示,疫情期气象扩散条件改善导致的PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_(2)、SO_(2)和CO浓度改善幅度为26.04%、33.03%、28.35%、43.27%和23.29%,人为减排造成的各污染物浓度降低幅度为19.82%、8.21%、29.65%、-25.56%和8.12%.疫情期间O_(3)浓度上升20.51%,气象因素和人为活动的影响分别占10.47%和10.04%.结果表明一次污染物对减排响应更敏感,二次污染物对减排响应有一定时滞性且受气象因素影响更显著,臭氧浓度对污染物减排线性响应关系不明显,总体呈负相关,说明臭氧的控制需探索科学的污染物减排比例.In this work,the relationships between air quality and pollutant emissions were investigated during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shandong Province.During the quarantine period (from January 24 to February 7,2020),the concentrations of atmospheric pollutants decreased significantly relative to the period before controls were imposed (from January 15 to 23,2020).Specifically,except for an increase in the concentration of O3,concentrations of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),NO_(2),SO_(2),and CO decreased for 72.6μg·m^(-3)(45.86%),47.4μg·m^(-3)(41.24%),25.6μg·m^(-3)(58.00%),3.0μg·m^(-3)(17.71%),and 0.5 mg·m^(-3)(31.40%),respectively.RAMS-CMAQ simulation showed that meteorological diffusion had an essential role in improving air quality.Influenced by meteorological factors,emissions of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),NO_(2),SO_(2),and CO were reduced 26.04%,33.03%,28.35%,43.27%,and23.29%,respectively.Furthermore,the concentrations of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),NO_(2),SO_(2),and CO were reduced by 19.82%,8.21%,29.65%,-25.56%,and 8.12%,respectively,due to pollution emissions reductions during the quarantine period.O_(3) concentrations increased by 20.51%during quarantine,caused by both meteorological factors (10.47%) and human activities (10.04%).These results indicate that primary pollutants were more sensitive to emissions reductions;however,secondary pollutants demonstrated a lagged response the emissions reduction and were significantly affected by meteorological factors.The linear relationship between ozone and the emissions reduction was not significant,and was inverse overall.Further investigation are now required on the impact of emissions reduction on ozone pollution control.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 空气质量 减排 RAMS-CMAQ模式 山东省 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]