头低位卧床模拟失重对人体吸氧排氮效率影响的研究  

Effect of Simulated Weightlessness by Head Down Bed Rest on Efficiency of Pre-oxygenation in Human

作　　者：彭远开[1] 费锦学[1] 国耀宇[1] 肇海[1] 杨振中[1] Peng Yuankai;Fei Jinxue;Guo Yaoyu;Zhao Hai;Yang Zhenzhong(不详;China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2021年第1期7-11,共5页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：中国载人航天工程基金资助(01100308)。

摘　　要：目的探讨头低位卧床模拟失重环境因素对人体吸氧排氮效率的影响,为评估航天员出舱活动减压病风险提供依据。方法以8名健康男性青年为受试者,分为对照组(Con组),受试者安静坐位吸纯氧3 h;模拟失重3天组(3 d组),受试者在卧床模拟失重第3天吸纯氧3 h;模拟失重7天组(7 d组),受试者在卧床模拟失重第7天吸纯氧3 h。分别测试和计算受试者肺通气量、呼出气氮浓度、排氮速率和累积排氮量。结果与Con组相比,3 d组和7 d组的肺通气量无显著性变化,呼出气氮浓度、吸氧排氮速率和累积排氮量显著增加(P<0.01)。与3 d组相比,7 d组的肺通气量、呼出气氮浓度、排氮速率和累积排氮量均无显著性变化。结论头低位卧床模拟失重3 d和7 d可提高人体吸氧排氮效率。Objective To explore the influence of simulated weightlessness by head down bed rest(HDBR) on efficiency of pre-oxygenation in human,and to provide a basis for better assessment of the risk of decompression sickness in astronauts during extravehicular activity(EVA).Methods Eight healthy males served as the test subjects.The experiment included the following groups:the control group(Con,eight subjects were sitting quietly and breathing 100% O2 for 3 h),simulated weightlessness 3-day group(group 3 d,eight subjects underwent HDBR and breathing 100% O2 for 3 h on the third day of HDBR),and simulated weightlessness 7-day group(group 7 d,eight subjects under HDBR and breathing 100% O2 for 3 h on the seventh day of HDBR).The pulmonary ventilation,the breath nitrogen concentration,the nitrogen elimination rate,and the cumulative nitrogen volume eliminated were measured and calculated respectively.Results Compared with the group Con,the pulmonary ventilation in group 3 d and group 7 d showed no significant change;while the breath nitrogen concentration,the nitrogen elimination rate and the cumulative nitrogen volume eliminated increased significantly in group 3 d and in group 7 d(P<0.01).Compared with the group 3 d,the pulmonary ventilation,the breath nitrogen concentration,the nitrogen elimination rate and the cumulative nitrogen volume eliminated in group 7 d showed no significant change.Conclusion Simulated weightlessness by head down bed rest for 3 and 7 days can effectively increase nitrogen elimination efficiency during breathing 100% O2 in human.

关 键 词：模拟失重 吸氧排氮 排氮速率 累积排氮量 

分 类 号：R852.16[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]