揭开中微子和反中微子的马约拉纳神秘面纱——无中微子双贝塔衰变低温晶体量热器实验  

Unraveling the Majorana mystery of neutrinos and anti-neutrinos——Cryogenic crystal bolometer technology for neutrinoless double beta decay experiments

作　　者：马龙[1] 马余刚 黄焕中 MA Long;MA Yu-Gang;HUANG Huan-Zhong(Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE)and Institute of Modern Physics,Fudan University,Shanghai 2000433,China)

机构地区：[1]核物理与离子束应用教育部重点实验室,现代物理研究所复旦大学,上海200433

出　　处：《物理》2021年第3期183-192,共10页Physics

摘　　要：中微子可能的马约拉纳粒子属性超出了目前标准模型的范畴,是粒子物理与核物理研究领域最重要的科学问题之一。无中微子双贝塔衰变(0vββ)实验是能够确定中微子马约拉纳属性的唯一途径。0vββ的发现可以揭示中微子绝对质量、轻子数破缺、物质—反物质不对称等一系列自然奥秘,是当今粒子物理与核物理研究的前沿课题。在探索无中微子双贝塔衰变的可选择实验方案中,低温晶体量热器具有高能量分辨率、高运行稳定性和低辐射本底的技术优势,成为新一代0vββ实验最具竞争力的探测器技术之一。文章首先介绍无中微子双贝塔衰变的研究历史,之后介绍低温晶体量热器及其最先进的代表——CUORE实验,最后展望关于我国锦屏地下实验室开展低温晶体量热器0vββ实验研究的前景。The possible Majorana nature of neutrinos contains new physics far beyond the Standard Model and is a key scientific question at the frontiers of nuclear and particle physics.Experiments on the neutrinoless double beta decay(0vββ)are the only viable approach to determine this Majorana property,which will have a great impact on resolving outstanding puzzles of the neutrino absolute mass scale,violation of the lepton quantum number,and matter anti-matter asymmetry of the universe.As such,it has become a key subject of nuclear and particle physics research.Among possible technological approaches to 0vββexperiments,the cryogenic crystal bolometer has the advantages of superior energy resolution,operational stability and ultra-low radioactive background,and is one of the leading detector choices for next generation 0vββexperiments.We will first briefly review the history of the search for 0vββ,then describe the CUORE experiment as an example of advanced cryogenic bolometer technology.Finally,we will report on current experimental progress on the development of the cryogenic bolometer detector at China Jinping Laboratory,and its prospective application in 0vββresearch.

关 键 词：低温晶体量热器 无中微子双贝塔衰变 马约拉纳中微子 中国锦屏地下实验室 

分 类 号：O572.321[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]