深圳湾浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系  

Community structure of phytoplankton and its relationship to environmental factors in Shenzhen Bay

作　　者：陈思 陈海刚[2] 田斐 李艺彤 张林宝[2] 张喆[2] 王学锋 蔡文贵[2] CHEN Si;CHEN Haigang;TIAN Fei;LI Yitong;ZHANG Linbao;ZHANG Zhe;WANG Xuefeng;CAI Wengui(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;South China Fisheries Research Institute,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Scientific Observation and Research Field Station of Zhujiang Estuary Ecosystem,Guangdong Province,Key Field Scientific Experimental Station of South China Fishery Resource and Environment,Ministry of Agriculture,Guangzhou 510300,China;Guangzhou Peng Jia Mu Memorial Secondary School,Guangzhou 510430,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhangjiang),Zhanjiang 524025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,农业部南海渔业资源环境重点野外科学观测实验站,广东珠江口生态系统野外科学观测研究站,广东广州510300 [3]广州彭加木纪念中学,广东广州510430 [4]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江),广东湛江524025

出　　处：《生态科学》2021年第1期9-16,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江)资助项目(ZJW-2019-06);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2021SD17);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121201001)。

摘　　要：为研究深圳湾海域浮游植物的群落结构及其与水环境的关系,分别于春夏秋冬(2013年8月至2014年4月)四个季度对深圳湾进行采样分析,并对调查区域内的浮游植物及其主要环境因子进行了相关性分析。结果表明,深圳湾海域共鉴定出浮游植物111种(包括变种和变型):硅藻35属86种,甲藻4属15种,绿藻6属6种,蓝藻3属4种,其中硅藻门是主要的优势类群,占总种数的77.5%,其次是甲藻门,占总种数的13.5%,绿藻门和蓝藻门分别占总种数的5%和4%。浮游植物种类组成以广温广盐种和暖水种为主,中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)是该海域常年优势种。深圳湾海域浮游植物细胞丰度年波动范围为28.64—462.46×10^(4)cells·m^(-3),平均值为156.43×10^(4)cells·m^(-3),其季节变化趋势为秋季>夏季>冬季>春季。浮游植物多样性指数和均匀度指数变化范围分别为0.11—4.06和0.04—0.90,多样性指数和均匀度指数均偏低,群落结构趋于单一化,稳定性差。浮游植物细胞丰度与环境因子的相关性关系在不同季节有显著差别,其中无机氮与浮游植物细胞丰度之间呈现正相关关系。In order to investigate the phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with the aquatic environmental factors in the Shenzhen bay,samples were collected and analyzed in four quarters from August 2013 to April 2014,and the correlation between phytoplankton and its main environmental factors was analyzed.Results showed that a total of 111 species(including varieties and forma)were identified,of which the most abundant group was Bacillariophyceae,with 35 genera and 86 species that accounted for 77.5%of total species,followed by Pyrrophyta(4 genera and 15 species,13.5%),Chlorophyta(6 genera and 6 species,5%)and Cyanobacteria(3 genera 4 species,4%).Skeletonema costatum was the dominant species.The abundance of phytoplankton cells varied from(28.64-462.46)×10^(4) cells·m^(-3),with an average of 156.43×10^(4) cells·m^(-3).The maximum cell abundance appeared in the autumn,followed in summer,spring and winter The diversity index of the phytoplankton ranged from 0.11 to 4.06;the evenness of phytoplankton ranged from 0.04 to 0.90.The diversity and evenness of phytoplankton community were rather low,indicating that phytoplankton community was not steady.Better relationship was found between phytoplankton abundance and inorganic nitrogen.

关 键 词：深圳湾 浮游植物 群落结构 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]