计量史学法在中国经济史研究中的运用问题——以《中国厘金史》的“海防经费”为例  

A Study on the Data Statistical Issues in The History of Chinese Lijin with the Coastal Defense Fund as an Example

作　　者：陈先松 Chen Xiansong

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学历史文化与旅游学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《社会科学战线》2021年第3期136-146,282,共12页Social Science Front

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(15CZS045);江苏省高校青蓝工程中青年学术带头人资助项目(17QL002)。

摘　　要：罗玉东著《中国厘金史》大规模地运用计量史学方法,来整理晚清财政经济档案,是对传统史书"实录""直书"的一种突破,并为后来的经济史学者所效仿,堪称中国财政史乃至经济史研究的经典著作。也正因为此,其计量史学方法运用上的缺失,在中国经济史研究中也具有了某种代表性。以晚清海防经费为例,该书对江苏等省南北洋海防专款的相关史实未能充分梳理,进而存在较多的财政科目归类错误,甚至将广东等省的治匪经费也等同为地方海防经费。在缺乏相关史实考证的基础上,也容易对文献资料中相关数据的表象给以片面解读,进而得出了江西等省停解南北洋海防专款等错误结论。中国经济史是一个以数据为基础的子学科,相关数据的正确辨析和归类、统计,至关重要。《中国厘金史》在这方面存在的若干问题,给后来学者以警醒,要求研究者在历史的语境中,对历史数据及其走向的背后史实作充分的梳理和考证。如此,才能在大量的历史数据中,做到数据统计和历史叙述的准确性、科学性,推动中国经济史学科的健康发展.The History of Chinese Lijin is regarded as a classic in studying Chinese financial history and even economic history,as it sorts out the financial and economic archives of the late Qing Dynasty on a large scale by cliometrics rather than the traditional research methods,and thus,is imitated by later scholars in economic history.Because of this,the shortcomings of cliometrics application in The History of Chinese Lijin have been a focus for study.Taking the coastal defense fund as an example,this book has many mistakes in classifying financial subjects for the failure to sort out relevant historical facts and equate public security funds with local coastal defence funds in Guangdong.Similarly,this book is also misleading in representing relevant data in literature and concluding Jiangxi and other provinces’sstopping fund disbursement to Nanyang and Beiyang.These problems reveal the importance to discriminate and sort out economic data correctly in economic history and to clarify financial subjects of historical data and related historical facts,which is the right way to analyze historical data and so as to promote the development of Chinese economic history.

关 键 词：《中国厘金史》 海防经费 计量史学法 中国经济史 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学] F129[历史地理—中国史]