新疆农牧区民居房屋结构类型与震害特征分析  

ANALYSIS ON STRUCTURAL TYPES AND EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE FEATURES OF RURAL HOUSES IN XINJIANG AGRICULTURAL AND PASTORAL AREAS

作　　者：常想徳 孙静[1] 谭明[1] CHANG Xiang-de;SUN Jing;TAN Ming(Earthquake Agency of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区地震局,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《内陆地震》2021年第1期75-86,共12页Inland Earthquake

基　　金：新疆地震科学基金(201807);中国地震局地质研究所所长基金(JB-19-06).

摘　　要：自2000年1月至2019年12月新疆共发生5级以上破坏性地震93次,地震灾害损失十分严重。地震中房屋震害特征及其抗震性能差异与房屋的结构形式相关。通过搜集整理新疆境内历年典型破坏性地震民居房屋震害资料及房屋调研相关资料,结合房屋震害特征,依据房屋的建造年代、结构形式、有无构造措施、砌筑粘结剂强度、施工质量及材料强度等抗震性能影响因素将新疆民居房屋结构类型分为土木-木架-石木简易结构、砖木结构及砖混结构3大类,并细化为10小类。结合新疆历史破坏性地震房屋震害资料,对细化分类房屋的震害特征进行总结,分析影响各结构类型房屋抗震性能的原因。除房屋本身抗震性能因素外,场地工程地质条件、地震作用及其他自然灾害的累积叠加作用也是造成房屋破坏加重的主要因素。There have been 93 destructive earthquakes of M_(S)≥5 in Xinjiang from 2000 to 2019,and earthquake damage is very serious.Characteristics of earthquake damage and the differences of seismic performance of buildings in earthquake are related to house structural form.Based on the analysis of the seismic damage data of houses in agricultural and pastoral areas and the relevant data of house investigation in typical destructive earthquakes over the years in Xinjiang,according to the characteristics of house seismic damage,combined with the building age,structural form,structural measures,masonry binder materials,construction quality and building material strength and other factors affecting the seismic performance of houses,the structural types of houses in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang are divided into civil wooden frame-stone-wood simple structure,brick wood structure and brick concrete structure are classified into three categories,and subdivided into 10 sub categories.The seismic damage characteristics of buildings with detailed classification are summarized,and the reasons affecting the seismic performance of buildings with various structural types are analyzed.The seismic damage data of destructive earthquakes in Xinjiang over the years show that,in addition to the seismic performance factors of buildings of various structural types,site engineering geological conditions,earthquake and other natural disasters are also the main factors causing the deterioration of buildings.

关 键 词：新疆农牧区民居 房屋结构类型 震害特征 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]