生态修复后九曲湾水库浮游动物优势种演替及生态位特征分析  

Succession of Dominant Zooplankton Species and Analysis of NicheCharacteristics in Jiuquwan Reservoir after Ecological Restoration

作　　者：罗欢 吴琼 陈倩 陈文龙 陈华香 沈振乾 曾志鹏 王珂 LUO Huan;WU Qiong;CHEN Qian;CHEN Wenlong;CHEN Huaxiang;SHEN Zhenqian;ZENG Zhipeng;WANG Ke(The Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute,Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510610,China;Bureau of Ecological Environment,Wuxian County,Ganzhou City,Jiangxi Province,Ganzhou 342200,China)

机构地区：[1]珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院,广东广州510610 [2]江西省赣州市寻乌县生态环境局,江西赣州342200

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2021年第2期320-330,共11页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B110205004)。

摘　　要：探究生态修复后九曲湾水库浮游动物优势种生态位特征及主要影响因素,为九曲湾水库及相关饮用水源地水库生态系统的保护、修复提供理论和技术支撑。于生态修复前2014年4月(平稳期)、2014年7月(爆发期),2015—2016年生态修复后12月(枯水期)、4月(平水期)、7月(丰水期)进行数据采集,采用优势度、Levins生态位宽度、Petrailis生态位重叠指数等方法,对九曲湾水库浮游动物优势种演替、生态位特征及主要影响因素进行分析。结果表明,九曲湾水库生态修复前共鉴定浮游动物30种,其中轮虫类26种,桡足类4种,枝角类未检出;生态修复后共鉴定浮游动物50种,其中轮虫类30种,枝角类13种,桡足类7种。生态修复前,平稳期到爆发期优势种的更替率为75%,爆发期到生态修复后枯水期优势种的更替率为80%。生态修复后,枯水期到平水期优势种的更替率为66.6%,平水期到丰水期季节更替率为57.14%,共同优势种为裂足臂尾轮虫(Brachionus diversicornis)、汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus dorrii)。九曲湾水库浮游动物优势种生态位宽度在0.250—0.931之间,生态修复前和生态修复后广生态位种类占全部优势种的75%、58.33%、70%、33%、0。优势种生态位重叠指数在0—0.998之间,生态位重叠程度差异较大,平稳期、爆发期、枯水期、平水期、丰水期生态位重叠指数大于0.6的分别占53.57%、50%、73.33%、66.67%、66.67%。生态修复前影响浮游动物优势种生态位分化的主要因素是水温(WT)、溶解氧(DO),生态修复后影响浮游动物优势种生态位分化的主要因素是总磷(TP)、叶绿素(Chl.a)。研究表明,生态修复前蓝藻水华发生期影响浮游动物生态位分化的环境因子为物理因子,生态修复后影响浮游动物生态位分化的环境因子为营养盐。In order to explore the niche characteristics and main influencing factors of dominant zooplankton species in Jiuquwan Reservoir after ecological restoration,and to provide theoretical and technical support for the protection and restoration of the reservoir ecosystem in Jiuquwan Reservoir and related drinking water source reservoirs,based on the data analysis before the ecological restoration(April(stationary period)and July(explosive period)in 2014),and after the ecological restoration(December(dry period),April(level period),July(wet period)from 2015 to 2016),the succession of dominant zooplankton species,the niche characteristics and major influence factors in Jiuquwan Reservoir after ecological restoration were studied using degree of dominance,Levins niche breadth,and Petrailis niche overlap index method.The results showed that:A total of 30 species of zooplankton were identified before the ecological restoration of Jiuquwan Reservoir,among which 26 species of rotifers and 4 species of copepods were identified.After the ecological restoration,a total of 50 species of zooplankton were identified,including 30 species of rotifers,13 species of branchopods and 7 species of copepods.Before the ecological restoration,the replacement of dominant species was at a rate of 75%from stationary period to explosive period,and switched to 80%from explosive period to the ecological restoration.After the ecological restoration,the replacement of dominant species at a rate of 66.6%from December(dry period)to April(level period),and turned to 57.14%from April(level period)to July(wet period).The common dominant zooplankton species were Brachionus diversicornis and Sinocalanus dorrii.The niche width of the dominant zooplankton species in Jiuquwan Reservoir was between 0.250 to 0.931,and the wide niche species before the ecological restoration and after the ecological restoration accounted for 75%,58.33%,70%,33%and 0%of the dominant species.Niche overlap index of dominant species ranged from 0 to 0.998,and niche overlap degree

关 键 词：九曲湾水库 浮游动物 生态修复 生态位宽度 生态位重叠指数 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学] X171.4[生物学—普通生物学]